FDA approved vaccines for monkeypox: Current eminence

Chopra, Hitesh; Dhawan, Manish; Bibi, Shabana; Kushwah, Ajay Singh; Kaur, Manpreet; Emran, Talha Bin

doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106896

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Currently, there are three smallpox vaccinations in the strategic national stockpile (SNS) of the US: the APSV or Aventis Pasteur smallpox vaccine could be used to treat smallpox as part of an investigational new drug (IND) protocol, along with JYNNEOSTM (also known by IMVANEX, IMVAMUNE, and MVA-BN) and ACAM2000®, which are licensed for smallpox. The JYNNEOSTM was accepted by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in September 2019 and is now suggested for preventing smallpox and mpox diseases for persons of 18 years or older who have been shown to have a high risk for smallpox or mpox infection [ 115 , 116 ]. JYNNEOS, a replication-deficient MVA vaccine, protects adults from developing smallpox or mpox [ 117 ].…”

Section: Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Transmission, Host Range, Genomics, Vaccination, and Current Epidemiology of the Monkeypox Virus

Araf,

Nipa,

Naher

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine International

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This review delves into the historical context, current epidemiological landscape, genomics, and pathobiology of monkeypox virus (MPXV). Furthermore, it elucidates the present vaccination status and strategies to curb the spread of monkeypox. Monkeypox, caused by the Orthopoxvirus known as MPXV, is a zoonotic ailment. MPXV can be transmitted from person to person through respiratory droplets during prolonged face-to-face interactions. While many cases of monkeypox are self-limiting, vulnerable groups such as young children, pregnant women, and immunocompromised individuals may experience severe manifestations. Diagnosis predominantly relies on clinical presentations, complemented by laboratory techniques like RT-PCR. Although treatment is often not required, severe cases necessitate antiviral medications like tecovirimat, cidofovir, and brincidofovir. Vaccination, particularly using the smallpox vaccine, has proven instrumental in outbreak control, exhibiting an efficacy of at least 85% against mpox as evidenced by data from Africa. Mitigating transmission requires measures like wearing surgical masks, adequately covering skin lesions, and avoiding handling wild animals.

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Section: Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Transmission, Host Range, Genomics, Vaccination, and Current Epidemiology of the Monkeypox Virus

Araf,

Nipa,

Naher

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine International

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“…Vaccinia immune globulin can promptly be employed for treatment as well. Both MPX and smallpox are preventable by vaccines like the JYNNEOS vaccine and ACAM2000 (for those above 18 years of age) (Chopra et al., 2022 ; Shafaati & Zandi, 2022 ). Smallpox vaccines have been seen to provide about 85% or greater protection against MPX (Abrahams & Kaufman, 2004 ).…”

Section: Evolving Management Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychiatric manifestations of monkeypox: A clinically oriented comprehensive review

et al. 2023

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Monkeypox (MPX) has emerged as a threatening outbreak in recent months. The understanding of disease pathogenesis and its systemic involvement has evolved with time. Both the virus and its vaccine, like other members of the Orthopoxvirus family, were always expected to have neuropsychiatric consequences. Several neurological complications have been reported with MPX and its vaccines that include but not limited to headaches, myalgia, encephalitis, and coma. Psychiatric complications like anxiety and depression have also been reported; however, we lack evidence to present a direct causality. We conducted a literature review to compile recent evidence on neuropsychiatric manifestations and underline the importance of evolving aspects and complications of MPX. We advocate for better reporting of cases and adverse events, to enhance our understanding of the disease, aiding physicians to make more informed decisions, thus facilitating timely diagnosis and treatment.

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“…The third next-generation smallpox vaccine is “MVA-BN (JYNNEOS in the U.S.. Brand name: Imvamune and Imvanex in the European Union and Canada, approved from the European Medicines Agency on 22 July 2022 )”, a live but attenuated non-replicating MVA strain [ 73 , 74 ]. It may be administered both by subcutaneous route, with an injection volume of 0.5 mL twice 4 weeks apart (requiring 14 days after the second dose to reach a full immune protection) and intradermally, at a lower dose but with the same immunogenic response as the subcutaneous route in preventing monkeypox infection and illness [ 71 , 72 , 73 ].…”

Section: Proposed Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Monkeypox—A Global Public Health Emergency

Zardi

Chello

2022

IJERPH

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Monkeypox, a viral zoonosis caused by an Orthopoxvirus, is clinically characterized by fever, headache, lymphadenopathy, myalgia, rash and burdened by some complications that can be severe and life threatening. Monkeypox, endemic in some central and west African countries, in tropical areas near equator, rose to the headlines following its recent outbreak in non-endemic countries of Europe and the USA. Thus, the World Health Organization, worried about the growing dimension of the problem, declared monkeypox a global public health emergency. Now, after months of careful observation, the western scientific research is drawing conclusion that African endemic countries represent a reserve pool able to feed, through travelers and sexual networks, the outbreak in non-endemic countries in which high-risk communities such as gay and bisexual men are the most affected. Prevention through vaccination and early diagnosis are the core to breaking the chain of diffusion of this epidemic. Particular attention should be paid to avoid the spread from endemic countries, also implementing the economic investments in their public health system. Information campaigns and assistance to high-risk classes in non-endemic countries are important priorities, however, assuming that specific treatments for this disease are still tentative.

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FDA approved vaccines for monkeypox: Current eminence

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Insights into the Transmission, Host Range, Genomics, Vaccination, and Current Epidemiology of the Monkeypox Virus

Insights into the Transmission, Host Range, Genomics, Vaccination, and Current Epidemiology of the Monkeypox Virus

Neuropsychiatric manifestations of monkeypox: A clinically oriented comprehensive review

Human Monkeypox—A Global Public Health Emergency

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