FDTD Simulation of the Nonlinear Gain Dynamics in Active Optical Waveguides and Semiconductor Microcavities

Numerical modelling of lasing in microstructures

“…When the pumping is slow enough compared to the level depopulation during the lasing onset, a typical picture of a series of spikes is observed [25], followed by saturation. Analogous time dependence had been reported in previous works [23,26,28]. We see that the coupled mode theory prediction agrees reasonably well with the results of the FDTD simulations.…”

“…Usually, some kind of a random function is employed [15,22,28]. The simplest way is to use the delta-correlated Gaussian-distributed Langevin noise with variance V which is obtained from random values ζ a and ζ b uniformly distributed on (0; 1] as [28] ( ) 2 ln cos (2π )…”

“…A Langevin deltacorrelated random function can be used in place of δ ( , ) E t r [28]. In the rotating-wave approximation, this additional term will contribute to the slowly varying envelopes ( ) i E t in the following way:…”

Time-Domain Finite-Difference and Finite-Element Methods for Maxwell Equations in Complex Media

“…The FDTD method has been used in a number of nonlinear media applications over the years [241], [242], [245]- [247], including optical gain media involving Maxwell-Bloch equations [248]- [250], soliton propagation [234], [241], [245], [251]- [253], nonlinear effects in absorbing and gain media including electron/atomic population rate equations [254], [255], distributed Bragg reflector microlasers [256], eletrooptic modulators [257], and photonic crystals lasers [258]. Optical parametric four-wave mixing (FWM) in Kerr media has also been studied by means of FDTD in [259] and incorporated in the analysis of microresonators in [260].…”

Time-domain simulation of CMOS compatible micro-disk lasers

“…Recently, interest in applying the FDTD method to the simulation of lasers has increased [7][8][9]. A number of schemes have been suggested that are capable of handling material gain [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. The validation of such algorithms has predominantly been demonstrated for onedimensional structures.…”