“…25,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57] (e) Fabricating sulde based noble metal-free electrocatalysts enhanced the performance for the HER and OER, while various strategies including preparing ultrathin/nanostructures, preparing amorphous sulde based catalysts, doping of metals, preparing heterojunctions/heterostructures, creating super-aerophobic surfaces, creating high valence state sites, creating abundant bridging S 2 2− sites, and developing facile synthesis routes enhanced the performance. 14,22,[58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75] (f) Fabricating selenide based noble metal-free electrocatalysts enhanced the performance for the HER and OER, while various strategies including preparing nanostructures, creating heterostructures, doping of metals, and activation of the inert basal plane enhanced the performance. 9,[76][77][78][79][80][81] (g) Fabricating phosphide/phosphate based noble metal-free electrocatalysts enhanced the performance for the HER and OER, while various strategies including preparing nanostructures/nanoporous, creating heterostructures/core-shell structures, integrating with carbon, preparing bimetallic/trimetallic, increasing the conductivity and electrochemical surface area, creating superaerophobic surfaces, and developing facile and scalable synthesis routes enhanced the performance.…”