“…For India, the average ERPT is estimated at +0.14, broadly in line with previous studies (Bhattacharya, Patnaik, and Shah, 2008;Forbes, Hjortsoe, and Nenova, 2017;Kapur and Behera, 2012). For Brazil, the average ERPT is estimated at +0.06 since 1998, toward the lower end of other studies (Forbes, Hjortsoe, and Nenova, 2017;Ghosh, 2013;Nogueira and LeÃşn-Ledesma, 2009). For South Africa, the ERPT is estimated at +0.07, broadly in line with the evidence presented by Kabundi and Mbelu (2018).…”