Feasibility in the development of a multi-marker detection platform

Enhancing Glycemic Control via Detection of Insulin Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

“…The pseudo-capacitor is modeled as Q and represents the piece of the system that can be correlated to the molecular recognition element being used. 20 Figure 6 shows the correlation between charge transfer resistance and target insulin concentrations derived from equivalent circuit modeling, a standard method of analyzing EIS data. 24…”

“…[16][17][18][19] Our group recently showed that, using the imaginary impedance of EIS, a biomarker will have an optimal binding frequency (OBF) at which the change in imaginary impedance best correlates to the change in target concentrations. 20 Furthermore, it would also be possible to measure two biomarkers, for example insulin and glucose, simultaneously by simply monitoring their impedance response at their respective OBFs, as suggested by our recent work in detecting low and high density lipoproteins simultaneously on a single sensor. 20 We have already characterized glucose previously using EIS and have shown its feasibility in glucose detection.…”

“…20 We have already characterized glucose previously using EIS and have shown its feasibility in glucose detection. 15 In addition to developing an insulin sensor prototype, this work aims to lay the ground work for a dual marker sensor capable of detecting glucose and insulin simultaneously as suggested previously, 20 which would improve glycemic control via controlling glucose and insulin levels concurrently. Once the initial response of insulin is characterized the dual-marker sensor prototype can be developed.…”

Lab-on-a-chip electrical multiplexing techniques for cellular and molecular biomarker detection

“…Recently, the LaBelle group studied the potential of multiplexed EIS biomarker detection by analyzing the imaginary impedance. 17,93,94 Demirok et al demonstrated that by conjugating gold nanoparticles to a specific antibody, the optimal frequency (at which the largest impedance change occurred) for EIS can be tuned. 17 They found that that the optimal frequency was shifted by 10.0, 4.8, and 1.0 Hz, while gold nanoparticle sizes were changed by 5, 10, and 20 nm, respectively.…”

Towards the Future Development of an Electrochemical Continuous Multimarker Biosensor for Enhanced Glycemic Management

“…However, given such a complex disease, measuring glucose alone is insufficient and other significant biomarkers, such as insulin and glucagon, should be included in the detection for increased disease management and reduced potential comorbidities. 3 Currently, studies have shown that diabetes can be better managed with a multimarker detection model. 5 Furthermore, the development of a continuous EIS biosensor with multimarker capabilities could answer the need for enhanced detection and tighter glycemic control.…”