Feasibility of Cascadable Plasmonic Full Adder

Fukuda, Mitsuo; Watanabe, Ryosuke; Tonooka, Yuta; Ota, Masahiro

doi:10.1109/jphot.2019.2932262

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…This phase adjuster adds π/2 radians of phase to that input, which adjusts the interference pattern within the device. This phase adjuster is designed to support the fundamental and first-guided mode and could be redesigned to offer a different phase shift 28 . Just as with the inverse-designed device, this conventional device operates with BPSK encoding on the inputs and amplitude encoding on the outputs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementing commercial inverse design tools for compact, phase-encoded, plasmonic digital logic devices

Narayan¹,

Harrison²

2023

J. Nanophoton.

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.Numerical simulations have become an essential design tool in the field of photonics, especially for nanophotonics. In particular, 3D finite-difference-time-domain (FDTD) simulations are popular for their powerful design capabilities. Increasingly, researchers are developing or using inverse design tools to improve device footprints and performance. These tools often make use of 3D FDTD simulations and the adjoint optimization method. We implement a commercial inverse design tool with these features for several plasmonic devices that push the boundaries of the tool. We design a logic gate with complex design requirements as well as a y-splitter and waveguide crossing. With minimal code changes, we implement a design that incorporates phase-encoded inputs in a dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguide. The complexity of the requirements in conjunction with limitations in the inverse design tool force us to make concessions regarding the density of encoding and to use on–off keying to encode the outputs. We compare the performance of the inverse-designed devices to conventionally designed devices with the same operational behavior. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the inverse design tools for realizing complex device designs and comment on what is possible at present and where improvements can be made.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementing commercial inverse design tools for compact, phase-encoded, plasmonic digital logic devices

Narayan¹,

Harrison²

2023

J. Nanophoton.

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“…This phase adjuster adds π/2 radians of phase to that input, which adjusts the interference pattern within the device. This phase adjuster is designed to support the fundamental and first guided mode, and could be redesigned to offer a different phase shift [24]. Just as with the inverse-designed devices, these conventional devices operate with BPSK encoding on the inputs and amplitude encoding on the outputs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementing inverse design tools for plasmonic digital logic devices

Narayan

Harrison

2021

Physics and Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices XXIX

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Numerical simulations have become an essential design tool in the field of photonics, especially for nanophotonics. In particular, 3D finite-difference-time-domain (FDTD) simulations are popular for their powerful design capabilities. Increasingly, researchers are developing or using inverse design tools to improve device footprints and performance. These tools often make use of 3D FDTD simulations and the adjoint optimization method. We implement a commercial inverse design tool with these features for a simple plasmonic logic circuit design that has complex requirements. Without modifying underlying code, we find ways to use this tool to implement a design that incorporates phase encoded inputs in a dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguide. The complexity of the requirements in conjunction with limitations in the inverse design tool force us to make concessions regarding the density of encoding and to use on-off keying to encode the outputs. We compare the performance of the inverse-designed device to a conventionally-designed device with the same operational behavior. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the inverse design tools for realizing complex device designs and comment on what is possible at present and where improvements can be made.

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“…I, simple waveguides are favorable for construction of plasmonic components such as multiplexers and demultiplexers in high-density integrated circuits. The SiO2 stripe DLSP waveguides easily form functional networks such as on-chip interconnects employing WDM techniques and logic circuits [19], [39], [40], although the circuit scales are somewhat large. These scale and functionality issues can be solved by employing MIM structures with the DLSP waveguides.…”

Section: Degree Of Integration and Metal/insulator/metal Waveguidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the connection part between lightwave and electronic circuits will be adaptive area for size matching. The circuits can be extended to functional networks such as logic circuits [39], [40] within the permissible range of the circuit loss.…”

Section: Feasibility Of Plasmonic Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of Plasmonic Circuits in Nanophotonics

et al. 2020

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The configuration of plasmonic circuits comprising SiO2-load waveguides and their characteristics within the nanophotonic range are presented and compared with electronic and lightwave circuits in 1300 and 1550 nm wavelength bands. In the nanophotonic range of less than 1 m, plasmonic signals propagate in narrow waveguides with cross-sections less than a few hundred square nanometers, while lightwaves exhibit only slight propagation in high-refractive-index (i.e., Si) waveguides owing to the transmission loss increase via the cut-off wavelength of the waveguide. Additionally, the plasmonic signal transmission loss is lower than that of electric signals for transmission lengths less than a few hundred micrometers. During signal transmission, a narrow spectral width of the plasmonic signals is needed to suppress any signal shape deformation induced by the frequency dependence of the collective oscillation of electrons in plasmonic signals. In the nanophotonic range, the degree of integration for plasmonic circuits is not governed by the transmission loss but by the leak distance of the plasmonic signal optical field from the side-walls of the waveguides and components. Employing a metal/insulator/metal structure in plasmonic circuits is a valid way to heighten the integration density, and its effectiveness is numerically and experimentally confirmed in a plasmonic multiplexer less than 1 m in length. On the basis of these results, the feasibility of plasmonic circuits is discussed and it can be said that plasmonic circuits including waveguides and components are promising photonic techniques for signal transmission in the nanophotonic range.INDEX TERMS Integrated circuit, Integrated optics, Integrated optoelectronics, Nanophotonics, Optical interconnection, Plasmonics, Surface plasmon polariton, Wavelength division multiplexing. I. INTRODUCTIONPhotonics has historically been used to support daily life of our society, and the techniques in the field are indispensable for constructing and maintaining societal infrastructure. These techniques require key photonic components whose scale and power consumption requirements are being reduced as technology advances. Recently, optical interconnects have begun to be used in silicon integrated circuits (ICs) to enhance the information processing speed and catch up with the explosive increase in information demand. The lightwave circuits of interconnects typically comprise silicon waveguides that possess a relatively high refractive index. In the range of less than sub-wavelength optics, however, photonic crystals and high-refractive-index waveguides using lightwaves as signals are physically difficult to apply to circuits [1].At such small scales, surface plasmon polariton (SPP) waveguides are effective for constructing nanophotonic circuits. Various kinds of plasmonic waveguides have been developed and reported, such as index waveguides [2]-[5], grooved waveguides [6], [7], hybrid waveguides [8]-[10], and metal/insulator/metal (MIM) structured waveguides [11]-[16]. These v...

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Feasibility of Cascadable Plasmonic Full Adder

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Implementing commercial inverse design tools for compact, phase-encoded, plasmonic digital logic devices

Implementing commercial inverse design tools for compact, phase-encoded, plasmonic digital logic devices

Implementing inverse design tools for plasmonic digital logic devices

Feasibility of Plasmonic Circuits in Nanophotonics

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