Feasibility of using an organic substrate in a wetland system treating sewage sludge: Impact of plant species

Organic xenobiotics removal in constructed wetlands, with emphasis on the importance of the support matrix

“…In addition to sorption studies, some agricultural waste materials have already been tested and proved efficient as support matrix components of CWS [310][311][312][313].…”

A comparative study on the removal of nutrients and organic matter in wetland reactors employing organic media

“…Organic materials, rich with organic carbon, are one of the possible options to meet the criteria. Only a few studies employed organic substrates in wetland systems, for example maerl (calcified seaweed), compost, and mixture of peat-crushed pine bark [16][17][18]. Nevertheless, these studies did not quantify denitrification rates; hence, the role of organic substrates in terms of catering organic carbon (for promoting denitrification) is still unknown.…”

Effect of Substrate, Feeding Mode and Number of Stages on the Performance of Hybrid Constructed Wetland Systems

“…This mineral material supports the attached-growth biomass and plants but has a low capacity for sorption and precipitation [14]. Hence, other materials such as rice husk [15] and peat/crushed pine bark [16] have been successfully tested. Organic substrates have also been used as electron donors for sulfate reducers in passive remediation systems for the treatment of acid mine drainage [17].…”