Features and diversity of symptoms of moyamoya disease in adolescents: A cluster analysis

Abstract

Aims The purpose of this study is to explore the symptoms experienced by adolescents with moyamoya disease and to identify the characteristics of each symptom cluster associated with moyamoya disease. Design A retrospective and descriptive design, which is a secondary data analysis study based on electronic medical record data from hospitals. Methods To assess the symptoms associated with moyamoya disease, a qualitative study was conducted on 12 adolescents, 12 caregivers and 12 experts on moyamoya disease. According to a qualitative study, 12 main symptoms (limb weakness, numbness, pins and needles, difficulty in speech, blurred vision, facial paralysis, hand tremors, involuntary movements, convulsions, dizziness, nausea/vomiting and headaches) were selected. Data were collected around these symptoms. The data collection was carried out through the Electronic Medical Record (EMR) data of 303 adolescents aged 13–19 who were diagnosed with moyamoya disease (ICD 10 Code: I67.5) between January 2010–December 2019 in a hospital in Seoul, South Korea. Cluster analysis was applied to identify symptom clusters with the hierarchical cluster agglomerative approach. We used the log‐likelihood distance to measure the similarity of variables. Proximity between groups of variables was measured using the two‐step method. Results The physical symptoms experienced by adolescents with moyamoya disease were ‘limb weakness’ – the most common – followed by a ‘headache,’ ‘difficulty in speech,’ and ‘nausea/vomiting.’ A total of five symptom clusters were derived: cluster 1 was characterized by ‘limb weakness’; cluster 2 participants were asymptomatic or experienced ‘convulsions’; cluster 3 experienced ‘difficulty in speech’ and ‘facial paralysis’; cluster 4 is prone to ‘dizziness’ and ‘pins and needles’; and cluster 5 displays ‘headaches’ and ‘nausea/vomiting’. Conclusion This study offers a multidimensional approach for identifying differences in clinical symptoms of moyamoya disease among adolescents. Impact These results will help provide interventions concerning the characteristics of the symptoms of moyamoya disease among adolescents.

Bibliometric Analysis of Development Trends and Research Hotspots in the Study of Data Mining in Nursing Based on CiteSpace

“…Through cluster analysis, the Oh WO Team discovered the features of each of the symptom clusters linked with moyamoya illness, helping in the development of therapies for the symptom characteristics of adolescent moyamoya disease. 46 The prediction algorithms artificial neural network and decision tree can derive prediction rules (classification/prediction models) from (training) data and apply the rules to unpredictable/unclassified data. 42 Artificial neural network simulates the information processing process of the brain with a widely interconnected structure and effective learning mechanism.…”

Construction of Diagnosis Model of Moyamoya Disease Based on Convolution Neural Network Algorithm

“…The main clinical manifestations of 3 Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine MMD patients are transient ischemic attack, hemiplegia, cranial nerve disorder, headache, and dizziness. Some patients may also have visual field defect, epilepsy, syncope, and other symptoms [18,20].…”

Moyamoya Disease Manifesting as Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dystonia: A Case Report and Literature Review

“…MMD is a progressive disorder that can result in ischemic stroke or intracranial hemorrhage in both pediatric and adult populations. Dyskinesia, a rare manifestation of MMD, is observed in approximately 0.9-6.0% of patients [2][3][4] . Paroxysmal dyskinesia is even rarer, with the existing literature primarily consisting of case reports.…”