Feed Additives, Gut Microbiota, and Health in Finfish Aquaculture

Hoseinifar, Seyed Hossein; Doan, Hien Van; Dadar, Maryam; Ringø, Einar; Harikrishnan, Ramasamy

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-16190-3_6

Cited by 37 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…The use of probiotics in aquaculture has been implemented as a regular practice to improve the health and performance of fish under stressful farm conditions (Lauzon et al, 2014; Pérez-Sánchez et al, 2014; Hoseinifar et al, 2018, 2019). The beneficial effects of some probiotics in humans and animals are well-documented, but more research is necessary to ascertain their modes of action.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Dietary Supplementation of Probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici MA18/5M During the Transition From Freshwater to Seawater on Intestinal Health and Microbiota of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.)

et al. 2019

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The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the transfer from freshwater to seawater on the distal intestinal bacterial communities of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) and to evaluate the effect of dietary inclusion of Pediococcus acidilactici MA18/5M (at 1.19 × 106 CFU/g). In this context, fish health and antiviral response were also investigated. A 12-week feeding trial was conducted in a flow-through rearing system involving 6 weeks in freshwater and 6 weeks in seawater. Fish received a control and probiotic diet. The composition of the salmon gut bacterial communities was determined by high-throughput sequencing of digesta and mucosa samples from both the freshwater and seawater stage. The main phyla detected during both freshwater and seawater stages were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Actinobacteria. Significant differences were observed between the intestinal microbiota in the digesta and the mucosa. Both probiotic supplementation and the seawater transfer (SWT) had a substantial impact on the microbial communities, with most pronounced changes detected in the mucosal communities after SWT. This last finding together with a significantly higher antiviral response (mx-1 and tlr3 gene expression) in the distal intestine of fish fed the probiotic diet suggest a causal link between the microbiota modulation and activation of antiviral response. Feeding probiotics during the freshwater stage did not significantly increase survival after infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) challenge after SWT, although higher survival was observed in one out of two replicate challenge tanks. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that both dietary probiotic supplementation and transfer from freshwater to seawater have an important role in modulating the bacterial communities in the distal intestine of Atlantic salmon. Furthermore, supplementation of the diet with P. acidilactici MA18/5M can modulate antiviral response.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Dietary Supplementation of Probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici MA18/5M During the Transition From Freshwater to Seawater on Intestinal Health and Microbiota of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.)

et al. 2019

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“…Under this context, any interference on the intestinal mucosal barrier integrity and/or the microbiota composition may impair gut condition and health, leading to disease-related dysbiosis (8). An increasing body of evidence supports the general assumption that feed additives can influence considerably the fish gut condition, affecting the intestinal epithelium, microbiota, and mucosal immunity (2). There is also evidence that fish innate and adaptive immune system may influence the regulation and composition of the gut microbiota and vice versa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet, Immunity, and Microbiota Interactions: An Integrative Analysis of the Intestine Transcriptional Response and Microbiota Modulation in Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Fed an Essential Oils-Based Functional Diet

et al. 2021

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Essential oils (EOs) are promising alternatives to chemotherapeutics in animal production due to their immunostimulant, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, without associated environmental or hazardous side effects. In the present study, the modulation of the transcriptional immune response (microarray analysis) and microbiota [16S Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing] in the intestine of the euryhaline fish gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) fed a dietary supplementation of garlic, carvacrol, and thymol EOs was evaluated. The transcriptomic functional analysis showed the regulation of genes related to processes of proteolysis and inflammatory modulation, immunity, transport and secretion, response to cyclic compounds, symbiosis, and RNA metabolism in fish fed the EOs-supplemented diet. Particularly, the activation of leukocytes, such as acidophilic granulocytes, was suggested to be the primary actors of the innate immune response promoted by the tested functional feed additive in the gut. Fish growth performance and gut microbiota alpha diversity indices were not affected, while dietary EOs promoted alterations in bacterial abundances in terms of phylum, class, and genus. Subtle, but significant alterations in microbiota composition, such as the decrease in Bacteroidia and Clostridia classes, were suggested to participate in the modulation of the intestine transcriptional immune profile observed in fish fed the EOs diet. Moreover, regarding microbiota functionality, increased bacterial sequences associated with glutathione and lipid metabolisms, among others, detected in fish fed the EOs supported the metabolic alterations suggested to potentially affect the observed immune-related transcriptional response. The overall results indicated that the tested dietary EOs may promote intestinal local immunity through the impact of the EOs on the host-microbial co-metabolism and consequent regulation of significant biological processes, evidencing the crosstalk between gut and microbiota in the inflammatory regulation upon administration of immunostimulant feed additives.

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“…Therefore, oral feeding fishes with some species of Bacillus may increase growth rates (Soltani et al., 2019). In addition, changing the composition of the intestinal microbiota for a higher proportion of commensal bacterial communities may help the innate and adaptive functions, and boost the host intestine integrity (Hoseinifar et al., 2019). The commensal bacteria contribute to the host immune response by interacting with the gut‐associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) (Banerjee & Ray, 2017; Kuebutornye et al., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis in diets for Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ): Effects on growth performance, gut microbiota modulation and innate immunology

Tachibana¹,

Telli²,

Dias³

et al. 2020

Aquaculture Research

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This study aimed to verify the possible positive effects of feeding the commercial probiotic Bioplus 2BC® [Bacillus subtilis (1.6 × 1010 CFU/g) and Bacillus licheniformis (1.6 × 1010 CFU/g)] to Nile tilapia on its growth performance, nutrient digestibility, gut microbiology, haematology (hematimetric index, erythrocyte, leucocyte and thrombocyte counts) and innate immunology (lysozyme, burst respiratory and phagocyte activities). For this purpose, one in vivo assay was performed following a completely randomized design, with four treatments (0.00%; 0.02%; 0.04%; and 0.08% of probiotic inclusion on ratio) and four replicates. The fish fed with diets containing 0.04% and 0.08% of probiotics presented higher weight gain than the control group, as well as higher thrombocyte counts in the bloodstream. The positive effect of the probiotics on the gut microbiota was illustrated by the higher richness and habitability indexes, soaring genetic variability. On the contrary of control, the groups fed with probiotic had Firmicutes, Fusobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla, and a lower percentage of Proteobacteria. The inclusion of 0.04% and 0.08% of B. subtilis and B. licherniformis in the fed provides better growth performance and modifies the intestinal microbiota, reducing the class of potential pathogen agent species. The establishment of a beneficial microorganism population may improve host health.

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Feed Additives, Gut Microbiota, and Health in Finfish Aquaculture

Cited by 37 publications

References 98 publications

Influence of Dietary Supplementation of Probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici MA18/5M During the Transition From Freshwater to Seawater on Intestinal Health and Microbiota of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.)

Influence of Dietary Supplementation of Probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici MA18/5M During the Transition From Freshwater to Seawater on Intestinal Health and Microbiota of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.)

Diet, Immunity, and Microbiota Interactions: An Integrative Analysis of the Intestine Transcriptional Response and Microbiota Modulation in Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Fed an Essential Oils-Based Functional Diet

Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis in diets for Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ): Effects on growth performance, gut microbiota modulation and innate immunology

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