Feeding behavior of potato aphid affected by glandular trichomes of wild tomato

Goffreda, Joseph C.; Mutschler, Martha A.; Tingey, Ward M.

doi:10.1111/j.1570-7458.1988.tb01152.x

Cited by 71 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…But neither of these authors observed any increased mortality of insects that could be associated with the toxicity of the sugar esters. Similar results were obtained by Goffreda et al (1988Goffreda et al ( , 1989 for GEs from glandular trichomes of Solanum pennellii Correll, which reduced feeding and survival of the green peach aphid and the potato aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae). The effect was possibly associated with both the physical entrapment of aphids and the deterrence of aphid settling.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

GC-MS and MALDI-TOF MS Profi ling of Sucrose Esters from Nicotiana tabacum and N. rustica

Haliński

Stepnowski²

2013

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C

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Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-fl ight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been applied for the fi rst time to the analysis of the sucrose esters from the surface of Nicotiana L. leaves. The profi les obtained for the model plant N. tabacum were similar to those from the gas chromatography-fl ame ionization detector (GC-FID) analysis. The most reproducible results were obtained using a dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix. The main advantage of this method is that crude plant extracts can be analysed without sample clean-up. GC-MS analysis of Aztec tobacco (N. rustica) extracts revealed the presence of three types of sucrose esters. All identifi ed compounds had three C 4 − C 8 acyl chains substituting the glucose moiety, while the fructose part of the molecule was substituted with 0, 1, or 2 acetyl groups. MALDI-TOF MS analysis of the sucrose ester fraction revealed the presence of compounds not eluting from a GC column. Combining the data from both GC-MS and MALDI-TOF MS experiments, we obtained a full sucrose ester profi le, which is based on the molecular weight of the compounds and on the number of acyl chains in the molecule.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

GC-MS and MALDI-TOF MS Profi ling of Sucrose Esters from Nicotiana tabacum and N. rustica

Haliński

Stepnowski²

2013

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C

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“…Glandular hairs are a common defensive feature of plants (11)(12)(13), where they have been shown to be effectively protective against insects (14). They are of less frequent occurrence in insects, but the chemistry of the secretion of insectan hairs, to the extent that it is known, can be of interest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mayolenes: Labile defensive lipids from the glandular hairs of a caterpillar ( Pieris rapae )

Smedley

Schroeder

Weibel

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Larvae of the European cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae (Pieridae), are beset with glandular hairs, bearing droplets of a clear oily secretion at their tip. The fluid consists primarily of a series of chemically labile, unsaturated lipids, the mayolenes, which are derived from 11-hydroxylinolenic acid. In bioassays with the ant Crematogaster lineolata, the secretion was shown to be potently deterrent, indicating that the fluid plays a defensive role in nature.chemical defense ͉ predation ͉ Lepidoptera ͉ Formicidae T he European cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae, is a widely distributed insect. Native to Eurasia and North Africa, it was accidentally introduced into Canada in about 1860, from where it spread over most of North America. It also has become established in Bermuda, Australia, Hawaii, and other Pacific Islands (1). As a larva, it prefers plants of the crucifer and caper families (Brassicaceae, Capparidaceae), and it is a common pest on cabbage, Brussel sprouts, and cauliflower (1). Pursuant to a study of the defenses of a number of larval insects, we noted the caterpillars of P. rapae to be beset with glandular hairs, such as pierid larvae had been reported to possess (2), but had never been investigated. In P. rapae, these hairs are arranged in rows along the full length of the body. Their product is a clear oily fluid that collects as droplets at the tip of the hairs (Fig. 1). On the assumption that this secretion might be protective and responsible in part for P. rapae's extraordinary adaptive fitness, we looked into both the repellency and chemistry of the fluid. We found the secretion to be potently deterrent to ants, and to consist primarily of a series of unsaturated lipids, which we named the mayolenes. Here, we present these results.** Materials and Methods P. rapae. Secretion was obtained from larvae of a laboratory population of P. rapae maintained on cabbage plants (Brassica oleraceae). The larvae used in the ant bioassays stemmed either from laboratory-laid or field-collected eggs.Crematogaster lineolata. The ant of choice is one we maintain in the laboratory specifically for predation purposes. Colonies were collected in eastern Connecticut, including at the Trinity College Field Station at Church Farm, Ashford.Ant Bioassay l (Acceptability of P. rapae Larvae and Tenebrio Molitor Larvae). Trials were carried out in individual Petri dishes (5 cm diameter), the floor of which was roughened by sand-blasting to provide for an improved locomotory surface (the sides of the dish were Teflon-coated and thereby rendered escape-proof). An individual ant was first introduced by itself into the dish, and its behavior was videotaped (with time track) for 5 min (the control period), providing a record of its spontaneous cleaning activities [antennal wiping with forelegs (Fig. 2E); foreleg wiping with mouthparts (Fig. 2F); dragging of mouthparts against substrate; regurgitating]. A P. rapae larva (of measured length; second instar) was then introduced, having been transferred into the dish on a small piece...

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“…Slow turnover numbers for enzymes of the terpenoid pathway might also be a factor. It (25), tobacco (3), tomato (9), and several other species. For example, Goffreda et al (9) …”

Section: Is Exudate Accumulation Capacity Related To the Structure Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secreting Glandular Trichomes: More than Just Hairs

Wagner¹

1991

Plant Physiol.

445

267

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Secreting glandular plant trichome types which accumulate large quantities of metabolic products in the space between their gland cell walls and cuticle permit the plant to amass secretions in a compartment that is virtually outside the plant body. These structures not only accumulate and store what are often phytotoxic oils but they position these compounds as an apparent first line of defense at the surface of the plant. Recent advances in methods for isolation and study of trichome glands have allowed more precise analysis of gland cell metabolism and enzymology. Isolation of mutants with altered trichome phenotypes provides new systems for probing the genetic basis of trichome development. These advances and their continuation can pave the way for future attempts at modification of trichome secretion. The biochemical capability of glandular secreting trichomes and the potential for its future manipulation to exploit this external storage compartment is the focus of this review.

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Feeding behavior of potato aphid affected by glandular trichomes of wild tomato

Cited by 71 publications

References 12 publications

GC-MS and MALDI-TOF MS Profi ling of Sucrose Esters from Nicotiana tabacum and N. rustica

GC-MS and MALDI-TOF MS Profi ling of Sucrose Esters from Nicotiana tabacum and N. rustica

Mayolenes: Labile defensive lipids from the glandular hairs of a caterpillar ( Pieris rapae )

Secreting Glandular Trichomes: More than Just Hairs

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