Feedstocks

Speight, James G.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-799911-1.00001-7

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Fe and Co are the active catalysts to polymerize CO to hydrocarbons ( n CO + (2 n + 1)H 2 → C n H 2 n +2 + n H 2 O, Δ H R = −165 kJ mol –1 ) in the range 200–350 °C and 10–25 bar . Slurry reactor technology has displaced Sasol’s synthol reactors because of their higher productivity and yield.…”

Section: Other Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

FeCrAl as a Catalyst Support

et al. 2020

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The iron-chromium-aluminum alloy (FeCrAl) is an exceptional support for highly exothermic and endothermic reactions that operate above 700 °C in chemically aggressive environments, where low heat and mass transfer rates limit reaction yield. FeCrAl two-and three-dimensional structured networksmonoliths, foams, and fibersmaximize mass transfer rates, while their remarkable thermal conductivity minimizes hot spots and thermal gradients. Another advantage of the open FeCrAl structure is the low pressure drop due to the high void fraction and regularity of the internal path. The surface Al 2 O 3 layer, formed after an initial thermal oxidation, supports a wide range of metal and metal oxide active phases. The aluminum oxide that adheres to the metal surface protects it from corrosive atmospheres and carbon (carburization), thus allowing FeCrAl to operate at a higher temperature. The top applications are industrial burners, in which compact knitted metal fibers distribute heat over large surface areas, and automotive tail gas converters. Future applications include producing H 2 and syngas from remote natural gas in modular units. This Review summarizes the specific preparation techniques, details process operating conditions and catalyst performance of several classes of reactions, and highlights positive and challenging aspects of FeCrAl.

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Section: Other Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

FeCrAl as a Catalyst Support

et al. 2020

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“…Biogas is a viable option that can be used in the place of natural gas, whilst producing a more or less similar yield of liquid fuel. In essence, compared to petroleum derived diesel and petrol the equivalent fraction of diesel and petrol obtained from the Fischer-Tropsch process produces considerably less hydrocarbons, no sulphur oxides (SO x ) or nitrogen oxides (NO x ) hence is more environmentally friendly [3].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-Economic Assessment of Biogas to Liquid Fuel Conversion via Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis: A Case Study of Biogas Generated from Municipal Sewage

Katiyo

Gudukeya

Kanganga

et al. 2023

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

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This research looks at how biogas (a renewable energy resource) can be harnessed using municipal sewage waste, and the potential of biogas use for generating liquid fuels (diesel and petrol) using Fischer Tropsch synthesis. The research also looks at the economic implications of carrying out the venture, and also determines the viability and feasibility of developing such an initiative in Zimbabwe. The production of biofuel from biogas via Fischer Tropsch synthesis was successfully simulated using the Aspen Plus simulation software which enabled a techno‐economic assessment to be conducted based on these results. The minimum retail price of Fischer Tropsch diesel and petrol fuel was determined to be slightly under $1.10/litre for both fuels, with an annual total plant production capacity of 200 million litres per year. The plant was designed to produce around 270 000 L of petrol fuel per day that can be refined and further upgraded to premium quality grade petrol for export. The plant was also designed to produce nearly 320 000 L of diesel fuel per day for direct use as liquid transportation fuel. The total biogas input requirement for the plant is 700 tonnes/hour of biogas (2000 m3/hour) [1m3 = 0.353 tonnes]. The total sulphur production is 30 tonnes per day, and the total carbon dioxide extracted and captured is 1500 tonnes per day. The total plant cost was estimated at $200 million USD. The financial analysis for the plant operations shows positive financial performance with a nearly 20% return on investment. A payback period of 5 years is projected.

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“…Although the kinetics and mechanism of reactions (1) and (2) are identical; however, the CO : H 2 ratio produced by DRM (1) is more valuable (near unity) for the Fischer Tropsch's (FT) energy process 39–44 although it has peculiar challenges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%