Feline leukaemia provirus load during the course of experimental infection and in naturally infected cats

Hofmann‐Lehmann, Regina; Huder, Jon B.; Gruber, Sabine; Boretti, Felicitas S; Sigrist, Brigitte; Lutz, Hans

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-82-7-1589

Cited by 129 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Commercially available vaccines against FeLV are generally safe, but are not 100% efficacious; therefore, preventing exposure of susceptible cats to viral sources remains an important measure to prevent infection. Collectively, the relatively high prevalence of FeLV in domestic cats in Switzerland (17.1%, determined by real-time PCR) (9), the significant number of asymptomatic infections, and the fatal consequences of having a positive individual in a multicat household emphasize the importance of screening as an essential intervention to eliminate sources of infectious virus in a given population.…”

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confidence: 99%

Detection of Feline Leukemia Virus RNA in Saliva from Naturally Infected Cats and Correlation of PCR Results with Those of Current Diagnostic Methods

et al. 2006

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A novel diagnostic test for feline leukemia virus (FeLV) RNA in saliva from naturally infected cats is described in this study. We evaluated different diagnostic tests and compared them with the widely used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of p27 in the diagnosis of FeLV. Blood samples from 445 cats were tested for the presence of provirus by real-time PCR and plasma and saliva specimens from those cats were tested for the presence of viral RNA by real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and for the presence of p27 by ELISA. In comparison to conventional ELISA, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the detection of salivary FeLV RNA by real-time RT-PCR were found to be 98.1 and 99.2%, respectively. Detection of viral RNA in saliva had a positive predictive value of 94.6% and a negative predictive value of 99.7%. The kappa value was 0.96, demonstrating an almost perfect agreement between both tests. Furthermore, we confirmed previous results showing that a number of cats which tested negative for the presence of p27 in plasma were in fact positive for the presence of DNA provirus in blood specimens (5.4%). However, 96.4% of these latently infected cats did not shed viral RNA in saliva; therefore, we assume that these cats are of relatively low clinical importance at the time of testing. This study shows considerable diagnostic value of the detection of saliva FeLV RNA in naturally infected cats. This new diagnostic method has advantages over the conventional ELISA, such as less invasive sample collection and no requirement for trained personnel.

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confidence: 99%

Detection of Feline Leukemia Virus RNA in Saliva from Naturally Infected Cats and Correlation of PCR Results with Those of Current Diagnostic Methods

et al. 2006

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“…FeLV is primarily transmitted in saliva and respiratory tract secretions, but also in urine, faeces, tears and milk (hOFMaNN-LehMaNN et al, 2001). Infection is also transmitted by sharing food and water bowls, and keeping animals together.…”

Section: N Rudan Et Al: Clinical and Haematological Parameters Of Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the immune response is not effective, the virus spreads to the spleen, lymph nodes, intestines and bladder epithelial cells, salivary glands and bone marrow, infecting mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood (aDDIe et al, 2000). the outcome of FeLV infection in domestic cats varies (permanent, temporary or asymptomatic), in relation to amount of provirus, where permanently infected cats have a higher amount of provirus and weak humoral immune response (hOFMaNN-LehMaNN et al, 2001). FIV is also generally spread in saliva and it is transmitted mostly via bite wounds (YaMaMOtO et al, 1989;PeDerSeN, 1993;IShIDa et al, 1989).…”

Section: N Rudan Et Al: Clinical and Haematological Parameters Of Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of clinical and haematological parameters in differentiation of feline immunodeficiency and feline leukemia virus infection

Rudan

Marković²,

Kučer

2017

Vet. arhiv

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For this retrospective study clinical, haematological and virology parameters were analysed from 21 cats received at the Clinic for Internal Diseases of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, with severe clinical signs of feline leukaemia, feline immunodeficiency, or both diseases. The cats were of different breeds, different ages and forms of care. the history of the disease, temperature and breathing frequency were recorded for each cat. The presence of specific antibodies for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) was detected in serum samples from 10 cats, four females and six males. the presence of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) antigen was detected in 8 serum samples, from two females and six males. three cats were FIV and FeLV positive, all of them male cats. Male cats and those with outdoor access are more often susceptible to infections. FeLV+ and FF+ (FeLV and FIV) cats are generally younger, than FIV + cats (seven of eight FeLV + cats are between 1 and 5 yrs old). Differences were noticed between FeLV and FIV positive animals in terms of haematological and biochemical values. Increased values for leukocytes, segmented and non-segmented neutrophils in cats positive for FeLV, FIV or both viruses were mainly determined, as well as a decreased number of thrombocytes, erythrocytes, hb, hMt and MCV values in the majority of animals studied. In FeLV+ animals alterations in the number of lymphocytes (lymphocytosis and lymphopenia) were more prominent compared to FIV+ animals, in which leucocytosis was more prominent. No relationship between the severity of clinical symptoms and the age and sex of the animals was found.

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“…Mas pesquisas utilizando a técnica da PCR conseguiram detectar provírus em monócitos e linfócitos circulantes nas primeiras duas semanas pós-infecção experimentais, mesmo quando antígenos não eram detectados; além disso, alguns animais durante todo o experimento apresentaram resultado negativo na detecção do antígeno p27, porém positivo no PCR. Sugerindo ser provável que os gatos permaneçam infectados durante toda a vida, visto que foi detectado provírus nesses animais, mesmo eles tendo eliminado o antígeno p27 da circulação (Hofmann-Lehmann et al, 2001). …”

Section: Patogeniaunclassified

Leucemia viral felina: revisão

Alves¹,

Conti²,

Júnior³

et al. 2015

Pubvet

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RESUMO.A leucemia viral felina é uma doença que acomete gatos do mundo todo. O vírus da leucemia felina (FeLV) pode ser transmitido via saliva, pelo leite, via transplacentária ou por meio de transfusões sanguíneas. O FeLV não sobrevive em meio ambiente, e ainda pode ser facilmente eliminado por meio do uso de detergentes comuns. Uma vez infectado, o felino pode desenvolver vários sinais clínicos, os quais podem ser inespecíficos como apatia e anorexia, ou mais específicas como leucemias. O vírus pode gerar uma imunossupressão no animal, deixando o mesmo vulnerável a outras doenças. O correto diagnóstico e tratamento são essenciais para que o felino tenha uma melhor qualidade de vida, além disso, o diagnóstico de gatos infectados é um fator crucial para evitar a transmissão para um gato não infectado. Há vacinas disponíveis no mercado, mas não se sabe a duração da imunidade proporcionada por elas. Devido à importância da doença na clínica de felinos, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar uma revisão de literatura sobre a leucemia viral felina, abordando sua forma de transmissão, tratamento, epidemiologia, diagnóstico e prevenção.Palavras chave: FeLV, diagnóstico, epidemiologia. Feline leukemie virus: ReviewABSTRACT. The feline leukemia virus is a disease that affects cats all over the world. The feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is transmitted via the saliva, by milk, transplacental via, or through blood transfusions. The FeLV cannot survive in the environment and can be easily eliminated through the use of common disinfectants. Once infected, feline can develop many clinical signs, which may be unspecific as lethargy and anorexia or more specific as leukemias. The virus can still develop animal immunosuppression, leaving it vulnerable to other diseases. Proper diagnosis and treatment are essential to cat's better quality of life. In addition, the diagnosis of infected cats is crucial to avoid transmission to an uninfected cat. There are vaccines against FeLV available in the market; however it's unknown the duration of immunity provided by them. Due to this disease importance in feline internal medicine, this study aims to present a literature review of feline leukemia virus, with his transmission way, treatment, epidemiology, diagnosis and prevention.Key-words: FeLV, diagnosis, epidemiology. IntroduçãoA leucemia viral felina é uma doença infecciosa comum entre os gatos, causada pelo vírus da leucemia felina (FeLV), o qual foi descrito pela primeira vez em 1964, por William Jarret e colaboradores, quando partículas semelhantes a vírus foram encontradas, ao observar em microscópio eletrônico, células retiradas de um nódulo mesentérico em gato com linfoma (Jarrett et al., 1964).

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Feline leukaemia provirus load during the course of experimental infection and in naturally infected cats

Cited by 129 publications

References 33 publications

Detection of Feline Leukemia Virus RNA in Saliva from Naturally Infected Cats and Correlation of PCR Results with Those of Current Diagnostic Methods

Detection of Feline Leukemia Virus RNA in Saliva from Naturally Infected Cats and Correlation of PCR Results with Those of Current Diagnostic Methods

Evaluation of clinical and haematological parameters in differentiation of feline immunodeficiency and feline leukemia virus infection

Leucemia viral felina: revisão

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