Female Fans, Gender Relations and Football Fandom

Jakubowska, Honorata; Antonowicz, Dominik; Kossakowski, Radosław

doi:10.4324/9780429347009

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…More detailed data shows that 32.9% of female fans attended at least one patriotic event in the last two years, compared to only 16.2% of male fans. Although the literature devoted to female football fans is growing (e.g., Pope, 2017;Jakubowska, et al 2020), the existing studies do not offer any possible explanation of this difference, and the design of this study does not include any additional tools which could help to explain this result in more detail. Nevertheless, this is an interesting outcome and it should be explored in further research.…”

Section: Relationship Between National Ideology and Individual Attitudesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Performative nationalism in Polish football stadiums and fans’ views and attitudes: Evidence from quantitative research

Grodecki

2022

International Review for the Sociology of Sport

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Football stadiums are one of the places where nationalistic views are presented. This is done by means of displays held by organised supporters – ultras. This study aims to examine (1) to what extent the postulates of performative national ideology presented by ultras in Polish stadiums are shared by fans of Polish football clubs; and (2) whether they translate into corresponding attitudes at the individual level. The study is based on a survey conducted on a sample representative for Polish citizens (N = 4030) from which football fans were extracted (N = 643). The results show that being a fan of a Polish football club accounts for significantly higher scores on postulates referring to ethnic and racial criteria of national identity, belief in permanent struggle of nations, small nation type of collective memory and glorification of past war heroes. They also indicate that a higher level of acceptance of these postulates by fans predicts higher levels of prejudice against minorities and other nations, and higher levels of national pride.

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Section: Relationship Between National Ideology and Individual Attitudesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Performative nationalism in Polish football stadiums and fans’ views and attitudes: Evidence from quantitative research

Grodecki

2022

International Review for the Sociology of Sport

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“…Although it is primarily a male pastime, female fans can also be found at football stadiums and are proud of it (Ben-Porat, 2009). The omission of female fans could result from their much smaller presence in stadiums and the fact that male scientists are more interested in fandom research (Jakubowska et al, 2020). In 2019, the Women's World Cup was attended by an average of almost 22,000 people and watched on television by almost a billion people worldwide.…”

Section: D) Hooligans (Rowdies)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Female Spectatorship and Unsportsmanlike Conduct at Football Stadiums: Case Study from the Czech Republic

Scholz¹,

Růžička²

2022

StS

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Football is the most popular team sport in the world. It is entertainment, primarily for men, but nowadays, it can be said that the number of women at football stadiums is steadily increasing. Given the long history of spectator sports events consumption, it is not a surprising fact that there have also been serious manifestations of spectator aggression. The paper aims to analyze the relationship between women visitors’ verbal and other expression and their violent behavior on an example of SK Slavia Prague football club. Primary data were collected by a questionnaire survey mainly at the Eden stadium and other selected Czech football stadiums in 2015/16 and 2016/17 seasons. A total of 120 respondents (aged 25.01 ± 10.20 years old) participated in this research, and all of the respondents were attending the matches in a stand of home team supporters. We state that there are correlations between women visitors’ verbal and other expression and their violent behavior; e.g., the surveyed respondents had no experience with demolishing stadiums and other riots. The respondents also consider it to be the most serious activity at 82.58%. The racism display noted similar results. We state that the results are adequate for women visitors.

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“…Therefore, further inquiries into women's social relationships and their relevance for sport consumption are needed. In addition, Pope (2017), Toffoletti (2017), and Jakubowska et al (2020) highlight the importance of looking at the ways that gendered consumption behaviors and levels of fandom are tied to other aspects of women's identities and life histories, including regional and class-based identities as well as early experiences of being socialized into sport. Therefore, we examine several indicators of aspects of women's identities (e.g.…”

Section: Social Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, women fans must navigate sexist attitudes and behaviors in many sport spaces, including within fan communities (Antonowicz et al, 2020;Jones, 2008). They may express disgust at sexism, ignore sexism, or embrace the sexist attitudes of the majority (Jones, 2008;Pfister et al, 2013).…”

Section: Social Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

U.S. Women's Sport Consumption and Self-Identified Fandom: An Exploration of Social Structural and Sociocultural Antecedents

Sutton

Knoester

2021

International Review for the Sociology of Sport

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In this study, using data from the National Sports and Society Survey (N = 2853), we examine U.S. women’s reports of their sport consumption and self-identified sport fandom. Multiple regression analyses are used to assess associations between social structural and sociocultural antecedents of consumption and women’s frequencies of watching and following sport, frequencies of attending live sport events, and the amount of money that they spend to watch and follow sport. We then investigate the relationships between women’s sport consumption behaviors and their fandom. We find that women are common consumers of sport and their consumption is positively associated with their socioeconomic statuses, number of children, social relationships, sport participation experiences, and sport-related identities. We also find evidence that women’s sport consumption behaviors are only modestly associated with their levels of fandom. We conclude with reflections on what these results mean for better understanding and supporting women’s sport consumption and fandom.

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Female Fans, Gender Relations and Football Fandom

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Performative nationalism in Polish football stadiums and fans’ views and attitudes: Evidence from quantitative research

Performative nationalism in Polish football stadiums and fans’ views and attitudes: Evidence from quantitative research

Female Spectatorship and Unsportsmanlike Conduct at Football Stadiums: Case Study from the Czech Republic

U.S. Women's Sport Consumption and Self-Identified Fandom: An Exploration of Social Structural and Sociocultural Antecedents

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