Female fruit production depends on female flower production and crown size rather than male density in a continuous population of a tropical dioecious tree (Virola surinamensis)

Riba‐Hernández, Pablo; Segura, Jorge Lobo; Muñoz-Valverde, Jenny

doi:10.3732/ajb.1600230

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…V. venosa is found in the Colombian Amazon region [14] and Brazil [15]. V. oleifera grows in the Atlantic Forest [16]; V. sebifera, in Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama [3]; and V. surinamensis is distributed from Costa Rica to the Amazon basin [17].…”

Section: Geographic Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological Extracts and Molecules from Virola Species: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Biological Activity

et al. 2021

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Virola is the largest genus of Myristicaceae in America, comprising about 60 species of medium-sized trees geographically spread from Mexico to southern Brazil. The plant species of this genus have been widely used in folk medicine for the treatment of several ailments, such as rheumatic pain, bronchial asthma, tumors in the joints, intestinal worms, halitosis, ulcers, and multiple infections, due to their pharmacological activity. This review presents an updated and comprehensive summary of Virola species, particularly their ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and biological activity, to support the safe medicinal use of plant extracts and provide guidance for future research. The Virola spp.’s ethnopharmacology, including in the treatment of stomach pain and gastric ulcers, as well as antimicrobial and tryponosomicidal activities, is attributable to the presence of a myriad of phytoconstituents, such as flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids, lignans, arylalkanones, and sitosterol. Hence, such species yield potential leads or molecular scaffolds for the development of new pharmaceutical formulations, encouraging the elucidation of not-yet-understood action mechanisms and ascertaining their safety for humans.

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Section: Geographic Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological Extracts and Molecules from Virola Species: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Biological Activity

et al. 2021

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“…K 12 (t) estimates the expected number of type 1 (size class I individuals in this study) within a distance (t) of a randomly chosen type 2 point (size class III). To reduce scale dependencies and stabilize variances, we used the L (t) square root transformation of K (t) 21,93 . Spatial interaction was evaluated for t distances between 0 and 150 m and an isotropic edge correction was also applied.…”

Section: Genetic Diversity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A high proportion of dioecious species share reproductive traits such as small insect pollinated flowers and fleshy fruits dispersed by vertebrates 18,19 . Although dioecious trees are frequent in tropical forests, gene flow patterns 20,21 and FSGS have been rarely studied 11,22 . In dioecious trees the magnitude of FSGS will depend, on the one hand, on the movement ability and behaviour of pollinators and seed dispersers and, on the other hand, on demographic traits associated with the reproductive system, such as sexual ratio and spatial distribution of adults.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Janzen-Connell effects shape gene flow patterns and realized fitness in the tropical dioecious tree Spondias purpurea (ANACARDIACEAE)

Cristóbal‐Pérez

Fuchs

Olivares-Pinto

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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occur within the plot 20 ; (ii) and the effective seed dispersal distance calculated as the distance between seedlings and their assigned mother. Parentage analyses were conducted using Colony V2 96. We used the parameter of a polygamous outcrossing dioecious species, and selected the full likelihood method with a large run. We assigned paternity using "strict" (>80%) confidence levels. We included a genotyping error probability of 0.0923 based on the number of mismatches observed between the genotypes of maternal trees and their offspring (calculated from the data set of embryos with known maternal genotypes), estimated using Cervus 3.0 97 .

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“…Inisiasi bunga betina tanaman walnut dan pinus terinduksi oleh intensitas sinar matahari yang tinggi, sedangkan pada intensitas cahaya rendah cenderung memproduksi bunga jantan (Sedgley dan Griffin 1989). Riba-Hernández et al (2016) melaporkan produksi bunga betina dan ukuran mahkota berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan produksi buah pada populasi tanaman dioecious Virola surinamensis.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Pollen Donor Position and Climate Factor Affecting Fruit Production of Nutmeg

Purwiyanti¹,

Sudarsono²,

Kusumo³

et al. 2018

bul. littro

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The quality and quantity of nutmeg fruit, seed and mace can be improved through managing fruit and seed production. Fruit development was affected by climate, flower initiation and pollination process. This study aimed to determine the correlation between climate, position, distance of pollen donor to female nutmeg trees, and the ratio of female and male trees to nutmeg yield. The study was conducted at the nutmeg germplasm collection garden at Cicurug (550 m asl), Sukabumi, tested 295 nutmeg trees from 27 locations in Indonesia. Data production of female trees was based on 2005-2017 data. All nutmeg trees were mapped using the GPS Garmin 76c5x. Tree sex was determined by male or female flowers domination in each tree. Correlation of the climate factors and production was analyzed using Pearson Correlation. The distance, position and the proportion of female to male trees were evalated by t-test at 5% level. Ratio of female and male trees to produce high yield was 4 : 1. Rainfall (280-430 mm/month) and temperature (24 - 25o C) during the pollination period (8-7 months before harvesting) were positively correlated with production by 57.9 % and 82.3 %. The position and distance of pollen donors to female trees had no effect on production. However, the distance between pollen donors and female trees above 15 m produced an average production equal to 15 m. The number of trees around tree samples had no effect on nutmeg production, but light intensity at 61,425-88,480 lux absorbed by trees could enhance the yield. Nutmeg required sunlight to penetrate plant canopy in order to induce fruit production.

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Female fruit production depends on female flower production and crown size rather than male density in a continuous population of a tropical dioecious tree (Virola surinamensis)

Abstract: Female fecundity in this continuous population of Virola surinamensis is not limited by the availability of pollen from proximal males. Rather, resource allocation to floral production may ultimately determine female reproductive success.

Cited by 9 publications

References 67 publications

Pharmacological Extracts and Molecules from Virola Species: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Biological Activity

Pharmacological Extracts and Molecules from Virola Species: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Biological Activity

Janzen-Connell effects shape gene flow patterns and realized fitness in the tropical dioecious tree Spondias purpurea (ANACARDIACEAE)

Pollen Donor Position and Climate Factor Affecting Fruit Production of Nutmeg

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