Femoro-acetabular impingement: The diagnosis—a review

Grant, Alfred D.; Sala, Debra A.; Schwarzkopf, Ran

doi:10.1007/s11832-012-0386-2

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This sign indicates increased coverage, predisposing the patient to posterior impingement, which is less common. Protrusio acetabuli is noted when the medial margin of the femoral head is at or crosses the ilioischial line, and it represents anterior overcoverage of the femoral head (26). The lateral center edge angle (>39°) and Tönnis angle (<0°) also are used to estimate femoral head coverage at radiographic evaluation.…”

Section: Femoroacetabular Impingementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiography, CT, and MRI of Hip and Lower Limb Disorders in Children and Adolescents

et al. 2019

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Infants and children are vulnerable to congenital and developmental hip and lower extremity disorders. These disorders have diverse causes in pediatric patients, and owing to potential related complications that can lead to degenerative disease in adulthood, an accurate diagnosis is essential. A common disease is developmental dysplasia of the hip, which affects nearly 1% of newborns. This condition is best evaluated with US and conventional radiography. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis affects approximately 0.01% of young teenagers and is initially evaluated with radiography. Femoroacetabular impingement is a risk factor for early osteoarthritis and can be assessed with radiography, CT, or MRI. Limb length discrepancy is defined as a greater than 2-cm difference in length between paired bilateral lower extremities. There are several methods of measuring this difference, and the use of an accurate imaging modality is essential for treatment. Developmental bowing is a physiologic condition involving varus angulation of the knee and is best evaluated by using conventional radiography. Blount disease is a progressive pathologic genu varum centered at the tibia; the three subtypes are infantile, juvenile, and adolescent. In-and out-toeing disorders are caused by abnormal tibial and femoral torsion that usually self-corrects during lower limb growth. The ability to recognize these conditions is essential for differentiating those that will resolve spontaneously versus those that will require treatment. The imaging features of congenital and developmental hip and lower extremity disorders are reviewed, with emphasis on diagnosis, radiologic assessment, associated findings, and classification. ©

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Section: Femoroacetabular Impingementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also found that there is greater anteversion with further distance from the acetabular roof. Because of these differences, any report of the degree of version should include the level of the acetabulum from which the measurement was made (26).…”

Section: Femoroacetabular Impingementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiography, CT, and MRI of Hip and Lower Limb Disorders in Children and Adolescents

et al. 2019

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“…59 Secondary cam FAI may follow slipped capital femoral epiphysis, Perthes disease, developmental hip dysplasia, protrusio acetabula, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, infection, trauma, or surgical interventions such as pelvic or acetabular osteotomies. 56,60 The radiographic and MRI signs that may indicate FAI are summarized in ►Table 5 [60][61][62] and illustrated in ►Figs. 10 to 13.…”

Section: Impingement Syndromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hip and Groin Pain in the Child Athlete

Broadley

Offiah

2014

Semin Musculoskelet Radiol

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An increasing number of children are taking up sporting activities and at more competitive levels. For this reason (pediatric) radiologists should expect to receive greater numbers of requests from their orthopedic colleagues to image the athletic child who presents with hip or groin pain: "athletic pubalgia."Lower limb sports-related pathology is particularly common in sports such as ballet, football, hockey, rugby, and running. Injuries to the hip and groin may account for up to a quarter of injuries seen in athletic children and may be acute or chronic, osseous, cartilaginous, ligamentous, or muscular. The radiologist should also bear in mind the possibility of non-sports-related pathology such as inflammation or tumor and of complications related to previous trauma such as avascular necrosis or femoroacetabular impingement complicating previous slipped capital femoral epiphysis. Radiologists should avoid use of the term sports hernia and provide a more specific description of the true abnormality.The major imaging modalities are radiographs and MRI. In this article we provide an overview of the common sports-related pathologies of the hip and groin that may be encountered in the athletic child.

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“…Some authors proposed that growth disturbances affect not only the acetabulum but also the entire innominate bone [ 14 , 17 , 18 ]. To our knowledge, no one has focused on the influence of innominate bone position in one of the major conditions leading to osteoarthritis of the hip, femoroacetabular impingement, (FAI), in which the influence of the position of the entire pelvis on conflict of the femur and acetabulum has been reported several times [ 19 , 20 ]. There have also been no studies that assessed the influence of the innominate bone position on the acetabulum under physiologic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does hemipelvis structure and position influence acetabulum orientation?

Musielak

Jóźwiak

Rychlik

et al. 2016

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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BackgroundAlthough acetabulum orientation is well established anatomically and radiographically, its relation to the innominate bone has rarely been addressed. If explored, it could open the discussion on patomechanisms of such complex disorders as femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). We therefore evaluated the influence of pelvic bone position and structure on acetabular spatial orientation. We describe this relation and its clinical implications.MethodsThis retrospective study was based on computed tomography scanning of three-dimensional models of 31 consecutive male pelvises (62 acetabulums). All measurements were based on CT spatial reconstruction with the use of highly specialized software (Rhinoceros). Relations between acetabular orientation (inclination, tilt, anteversion angles) and pelvic structure were evaluated. The following parameters were evaluated to assess the pelvic structure: iliac opening angle, iliac tilt angle, interspinous distance (ISD), intertuberous distance (ITD), height of the pelvis (HP), and the ISD/ITD/HP ratio. The linear and nonlinear dependence of the acetabular angles and hemipelvic measurements were examined with Pearson’s product − moment correlation and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Correlations different from 0 with p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsComparison of the axis position with pelvis structure with orientation in the horizontal plane revealed a significant positive correlation between the acetabular anteversion angle and the iliac opening angle (p = 0.041 and 0.008, respectively). In the frontal plane, there was a positive correlation between the acetabular inclination angle and the iliac tilt angle (p = 0.025 and 0.014, respectively) and the acetabular inclination angle and the ISD/ITD/HP ratio (both p = 0.048).ConclusionsThere is a significant correlation of the hemipelvic structure and acetabular orientation under anatomic conditions, especially in the frontal and horizontal planes. In the anteroposterior view, the more tilted-down innominate bone causes a more caudally oriented acetabulum axis, whereas in the horizontal view this relation is reversed. This study may serve as a basis for the discussion on the role of the pelvis in common disorders of the hip.

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Femoro-acetabular impingement: The diagnosis—a review

Cited by 17 publications

References 34 publications

Radiography, CT, and MRI of Hip and Lower Limb Disorders in Children and Adolescents

Radiography, CT, and MRI of Hip and Lower Limb Disorders in Children and Adolescents

Hip and Groin Pain in the Child Athlete

Does hemipelvis structure and position influence acetabulum orientation?

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