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The views of lecturers carrying out real laboratory (RL) and virtual laboratory (VL) implementations were analyzed in this study. The descriptive phenomenology design as one of the qualitative research designs was used in the study. The study group was determined using the criterion sampling method. The study was carried out with six lecturers who voluntarily participated into the laboratory and virtual laboratory implementations of a university in the Eastern Anatolia Region. Participating faculty members carried out YÖK Virtual Laboratory implementations besides physics or chemistry laboratory implementations. Semi-structured interview form was used as the data collection tool. During the planning of the study, preliminary interviews were held with the faculty members in order to collect preliminary information and have information about the feasibility of the study. After completing the ethics committee process, a new interview was held with the faculty members making appointments. The interview records were written down after listening to several times, and the information out of the scope of the research was excluded. The answers were grouped categorically, and sub-themes related to each category were determined. The views related to the planning dimension of instruction and preparation for learning were possible to be discussed in three different groups as the views stating that VL was more advantageous, the views stating that RL was more advantageous, and the views that VL and GL provided sufficient opportunities to the lecturer. All the other participants except from one emphasized that RL was more advantageous in terms of correcting incomplete and incorrect learning.
The views of lecturers carrying out real laboratory (RL) and virtual laboratory (VL) implementations were analyzed in this study. The descriptive phenomenology design as one of the qualitative research designs was used in the study. The study group was determined using the criterion sampling method. The study was carried out with six lecturers who voluntarily participated into the laboratory and virtual laboratory implementations of a university in the Eastern Anatolia Region. Participating faculty members carried out YÖK Virtual Laboratory implementations besides physics or chemistry laboratory implementations. Semi-structured interview form was used as the data collection tool. During the planning of the study, preliminary interviews were held with the faculty members in order to collect preliminary information and have information about the feasibility of the study. After completing the ethics committee process, a new interview was held with the faculty members making appointments. The interview records were written down after listening to several times, and the information out of the scope of the research was excluded. The answers were grouped categorically, and sub-themes related to each category were determined. The views related to the planning dimension of instruction and preparation for learning were possible to be discussed in three different groups as the views stating that VL was more advantageous, the views stating that RL was more advantageous, and the views that VL and GL provided sufficient opportunities to the lecturer. All the other participants except from one emphasized that RL was more advantageous in terms of correcting incomplete and incorrect learning.
Bu çalışma Türkiye’de sanal laboratuvar ile ilgili eğitim alanında 2003-2023 yılları arasında yapılan lisansüstü tezleri analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu (YÖK) Ulusal Tez Merkezi’nde yer alan 52 lisansüstü tez çalışması; yayın yılı ve tezlerin türleri, sanal laboratuvarın kullanıldığı ders ve konu, amaç, yöntem, örneklem, veri toplama aracı, veri analizi, sonuç ve öneriler başlıkları dikkate alınarak incelenmiştir. Verilerin analizi iki alan uzmanı tarafından gerçekleştirilmiş ve Cohen’s kappa katsayısı 0.81 olarak hesaplanmıştır. İncelenen çalışmaların en fazla; sanal laboratuvar kullanımının çeşitli değişkenlere etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütüldüğü, fen bilimleri dersinde ve elektrik konusunda sanal laboratuvarların sıklıkla kullanıldığı, çoğunlukla deneysel çalışmaların ve karma çalışmaların yapıldığı, üniversite öğrencilerine örneklem olarak yer verildiği, veri toplama aracı olarak görüşme kullanıldığı, elde edilen verilerin içerik analizi ile analiz edildiği görülmüştür. Sanal laboratuvar ile ilgili öğretmenlerin materyal hazırlamalarına yönelik hizmet içi eğitim verilmesini, sanal laboratuvar çalışmalarının fen bilimleri dersi yanı sıra diğer branş derslerinde de yapılması çalışmalarda en çok rastlanan öneriler olarak belirtildiği görülmüştür.
Due to the epidemic that entered our lives in Turkey in 2020, face-to-face education activities have been moved to a different dimension through online and broadcast channels. The distance education approach is used to contribute to face-to-face education before the epidemic. However, due to the epidemic, distance education has been compulsory. During the epidemic, many studies have been carried out in different disciplines related to distance education. The fact that these studies are up-to-date and the number of them increase quantitatively has made meta-analysis studies important. The aim of this study is to synthesize the qualitative studies done in science education and gather them under a single roof with the compulsory distance education process during the COVID-19 epidemic period in Turkey. The method of the study was determined as meta-synthesis, one of the qualitative research methods. Meta-synthesis is the work of synthesizing and interpreting research on a particular topic by creating themes or matrices. Within the scope of this method, 14 qualitative articles about science education made in Turkey between 2020-2021 during the distance education period due to the COVID-19 epidemic were examined. The articles examined in the study were reached with the help of the "Google Scholar" search engine. These studies; publication year, subject area, research method, purpose, participants, data collection tools and research results. These variables are interpreted with the help of tables and graphs. The studies examined in this study showed that there are many problems in science education in the distance education process. It has been understood that these problems originate from students, teachers and parents. In addition, it has been determined that there are problems such as the lack of technological tools and equipment used in distance education, internet interruption and the low participation rate of the students. The results were interpreted and discussed within the framework of the purpose of the research, and some suggestions were made for future studies.
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