Feral Parrots in the Continental United States and United Kingdom: Past, Present, and Future

The breeding biology of Rose-ringed ParakeetsPsittacula krameriin England during a period of rapid population expansion

“…0.675 during year 1 and 0.848 for subsequent years (see Snyder et al [1987] for more details), then the intrinsic rate of increase (r) is 0.27 ± 0.4. Consequently, a population of 1500 birds in 1996 should increase to 9400 -18 000 parakeets by 2004 which is similar to the number reported in Butler (2005).…”

“…It is unlikely that observed population growth of Roseringed Parakeets in the UK (from 1500 birds in 1996 to nearly 10,000 birds by 2004 and perhaps as many as 30,000 birds now; see Butler (2005) and Baillie et al (2012) for more details) is entirely due to an increasing number of parakeets being released into the wild. Instead it is much more likely that the reproductive output observed during this study (1.4 ± 0.3 young fledged per nest) is driving the rapid population increase.…”

Introduction History, Impacts, and Management of House Sparrows in North America

“…In Kauai, rose-ringed parakeets were rst released in the 1960s in the south part of the island. By 1982, the population had grown to 50 birds, and a second pair of rose-ringed parakeets had been released 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 2005-2009 Parakeets imported Time period In southern California, there was a self-sustaining population estimated at 60 individuals in 1997 (Garrett 1997;Butler 2005), and yet by 2012 there were 3000 individuals in Bakers eld alone (Sheehey and Mans eld 2015). Population growth of introduced rose-ringed parakeet in the United Kingdom varied from 15% per year on the Isle of Thanet to approximately 30% per year in the Greater London area (Butler 2003).…”

“…Of the four recognized subspecies of Psittacula krameri (two are from sub-Saharan Africa, including Senegal, Uganda, Sudan, Somalia, and Ethiopia; and two are from Asia, including India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Pakistan), the majority of the invasive rose-ringed parakeets are from northern India and Pakistan (P. k. borealis; Jackson et al 2015). Temperature apparently provides some limitation to where they can become established (Roscoe et al 1976;Butler 2005), yet they have successfully colonized tropical, subtropical, and temperate environments. In Europe, the main established populations are in the United Kingdom (ca.…”

Registro altitudinal más alto en México para la cotorra argentina (Myiopsitta monachus)

“…Su distribución nativa incluye Bolivia, Brasil, Paraguay, Uruguay y Argentina (Ravazzi y Conzo 2008). En la actualidad se encuentra en Italia (Maranini y Galuppo 1994), Inglaterra (Butler 2005), España (Román-Muñoz y Real 2006) y otros países de Europa, Asia y África (Cassey et al 2004). En el continente americano, su distribución se ha ampliado a EUA, Canadá, el Caribe y México (MacGregor-Fors et al 2011).…”