Fermentability of a Novel Galacto-Oligosaccharide Mixture by Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). Eight Lactobacillus spp. strains and three Bifidobacterium spp. strains were used in single-strain fermentations to determine the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation compared to two commercially available prebiotic mixtures, 4′GOS-P and Vivinal GOS (V-GOS). The highest scores were obtained when L. reuteri Lb46 and the two Bifidobacterium strains, B. animalis subsp. lactis Bif1 and Bif3, were grown on these galacto-oligosaccharide mixtures. In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4′GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. These findings suggested that the Lb-GOS mixture that is described in this work should be of interest for the formulations of new carbohydrate-based functional food ingredients.

Evaluation of the Prebiotic Potential of a Commercial Synbiotic Food Ingredient on Gut Microbiota in an Ex Vivo Model of the Human Colon

“…[49]. In addition, different species of Lactobacillus harbor β-galactosidases that enable them to grow fast on GOS [50]. The abundance of Lactobacillus has been reported to directly relate to positive self-judgment, through which it is indirectly related to cognitive depression and reduced cognitive empathy [51].…”

Short-Chain Cello-oligosaccharides: Intensification and Scale-up of Their Enzymatic Production and Selective Growth Promotion among Probiotic Bacteria

“…Strain maintenance used the conditions slightly modified from the literature. 34 Briefly, Bifidobacterium spp. and lactobacilli were maintained at −72 °C in MRS (de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe) broth containing 0.5 g/L l -cysteine hydrochloride and 15% (w/v) glycerol.…”

Prebiotic galactooligosaccharides production from lactose and lactulose by Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CRL450

“…31,37 In the case of potential probiotic bacteria, it has been reported that bifidobacteria such as B. bifidum NCIMB 41171 synthesize GOS formed mainly with β-(1 → 3) linkages, 38 P. acidipropionici LET 120 produces GOS β(1 → 6), β(1 → 3) and β(1 → 4) linked trisaccharides, 21 whereas other Lactobacillus species have been shown to produce β-(1 → 6) and β-(1 → 3) linkages in their transgalactosylation mode. 25,29,39 This property is relevant since we have recently studied the digestibility of these compounds using brush border membrane vesicles from pig small intestine and found that β(1 → 6) linkage had higher resistance than β(1 → 4) and β(1 → 3) linkages. 40 Therefore, the new synthetized GOS could be expected to reach the gut in large quantities.…”

“…have shown the ability to use the trisaccharides derived from lactulose and lactose, but with a general preference towards β(1 → 6) and β(1 → 3) over β(1 → 4) linked products. 35,39,41 Then, it could be expected that CRL450-GOS/ OsLu could exhibit good prebiotic potential. Table 2 shows the concentration of oligosaccharides (di-, tri-and tetrasaccharides) obtained with CRL450-β-gal from both substrates.…”