Fermentation and the properties of some enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in the trematode Calicophoron ijimai

Vykhrestyuk, Nadezhda P.; Burenina, E. A.; Yarygina, Galina V.

doi:10.1016/0166-6851(84)90099-9

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

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“…These include the trematodes Schistosoma mansoni [79], Calicophoron ijimai [80] and Paragonimus westermani [81], the nematodes Ascaris suum [82][83][84][85], Setaria digitata [86] and…”

Section: The Potentials and Pitfalls Of Targeting Metabolic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic enzymes of helminth parasites: potential as drug targets

Timson¹

2015

CPPS

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Metabolic pathways which extract energy from carbon compounds are essential for an organism's survival. Therefore, inhibition of enzymes in these pathways represents a potential therapeutic strategy to combat parasitic infections. However, the high degree of similarity between host and parasite enzymes makes this strategy potentially difficult. Nevertheless, several existing drugs to treat infections by parasitic helminths (worms) target metabolic enzymes. These include the trivalent antimonials which target phosphofructokinase and Clorsulon which targets phosphoglycerate mutase and phosphoglycerate kinase. Glycolytic enzymes from a variety of helminths have been characterised biochemically, and some inhibitors identified. To date none of these inhibitors have been developed into therapies. Many of these enzymes are externalised from the parasite and so are also of interest in the development of potential vaccines. Less work has been done on tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes and oxidative phosphorylation complexes. Again, while some inhibitors have been identified none have been developed into drug-like molecules. Barriers to the development of novel drugs targeting metabolic enzymes include the lack of experimentally determined structures of helminth enzymes, lack of direct proof that the enzymes are vital in the parasites and lack of cell culture systems for many helminth species. Nevertheless, the success of Clorsulon (which discriminates between highly similar host and parasite enzymes) should inspire us to consider making serious efforts to discover novel anthelminthics which target metabolic enzymes.

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“…These include the trematodes Schistosoma mansoni [79], Calicophoron ijimai [80] and Paragonimus westermani [81], the nematodes Ascaris suum [82][83][84][85], Setaria digitata [86] and…”

Section: The Potentials and Pitfalls Of Targeting Metabolic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic enzymes of helminth parasites: potential as drug targets

Timson¹

2015

CPPS

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Anthelmintic efficacy of Flemingia vestita (Fabaceae): alteration in the activities of some glycolytic enzymes in the cestode, Raillietina echinobothrida

2004

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The crude root-peel extract of Flemingia vestita, genistein and praziquantel were tested against some selected glycolytic enzymes--hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase (PFK), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), pyruvate kinase (PK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and malic enzyme (ME)--of the fowl tape worm, Raillietina echinobothrida. Following exposure to the various treatments, the activities of HK, PFK, PEPCK and LDH increased by 33-39%, 41-125%, 44-49% and 55-67%, respectively, and that of PK decreased by 14-26% in the parasite at the time of paralysis. The MDH and ME activities of the tissue homogenate were also found to be higher by 22-43% and 28-59%, respectively, in the treatments. However, whereas the activity of both cytosolic and mitochondrial MDH increased by 33-58% and 43-73%, respectively, the cytosolic ME activity showed an increase of 33-39%, and there was no significant enhancement in the mitochondrial ME activity. Histochemically, the enhancement in the activities of HK, LDH and MDH was clearly discernible. The enhanced glycolytic activity seems to be a function of anthelmintic stress caused by the phytochemicals.

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Intermediary metabolism in parasitic helminths

McManus

1987

International Journal for Parasitology

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Fermentation and the properties of some enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in the trematode Calicophoron ijimai

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Metabolic enzymes of helminth parasites: potential as drug targets

Metabolic enzymes of helminth parasites: potential as drug targets

Anthelmintic efficacy of Flemingia vestita (Fabaceae): alteration in the activities of some glycolytic enzymes in the cestode, Raillietina echinobothrida

Intermediary metabolism in parasitic helminths

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