Fermentation of xylan by Clostridium acetobutylicum

Lemmel, S. A.; Datta, Rathin; Frankiewicz, J.R.

doi:10.1016/0141-0229(86)90091-8

Cited by 37 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…No significant re-assimilation of the acids could be observed and, accordingly, acetone production was very low. Butanol production in the negative control strain CEL07 was also low, with an average production of 9.2 mM (0.82 g/L) after 164 h. This result could be expected based on the literature; similar results have been observed for other solventogenic strains when grown on xylan as a sole carbon source, including C. acetobutylicum ATCC 39236 grown on larchwood or oat spelt xylan [ 72 ], Clostridium beijerinckii NCP 260 grown on oat spelt xylan [ 73 ], and Clostridium sp. G117 grown on beechwood xylan [ 74 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…On solid medium, it is possible that Xyn10A is able to release enough xylose to induce the production of the native xylanases, or that Xyn10A is able to complement the native xylanases and thus provide increased xylan degradation. It should be considered that while many solventogenic clostridia are able to grow on xylan as a sole carbon source, the products of fermentation are typically organic acids, and there is little or no solvent production [ 72 – 74 ]. However, in liquid culture, our Xyn10A-expressing strains were able to grow faster and produce butanol at up to twice the rate of the control strain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of a functional cell wall-anchored minicellulosome by recombinant Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824

Willson

Kovács

Wilding-Steele

et al. 2016

Biotechnol Biofuels

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BackgroundThe use of fossil fuels is no longer tenable. Not only are they a finite resource, their use is damaging the environment through pollution and global warming. Alternative, environmentally friendly, renewable sources of chemicals and fuels are required. To date, the focus has been on using lignocellulose as a feedstock for microbial fermentation. However, its recalcitrance to deconstruction is making the development of economic processes extremely challenging. One solution is the generation of an organism suitable for use in consolidated bioprocessing (CBP), i.e. one able to both hydrolyse lignocellulose and ferment the released sugars, and this represents an important goal for synthetic biology. We aim to use synthetic biology to develop the solventogenic bacterium C. acetobutylicum as a CBP organism through the introduction of a cellulosome, a complex of cellulolytic enzymes bound to a scaffold protein called a scaffoldin. In previous work, we were able to demonstrate the in vivo production of a C. thermocellum-derived minicellulosome by recombinant strains of C. acetobutylicum, and aim to develop on this success, addressing potential issues with the previous strategy.ResultsThe genes for the cellulosomal enzymes Cel9G, Cel48F, and Xyn10A from C. cellulolyticum were integrated into the C. acetobutylicum genome using Allele-Coupled Exchange (ACE) technology, along with a miniscaffoldin derived from C. cellulolyticum CipC. The possibility of anchoring the recombinant cellulosome to the cell surface using the native sortase system was assessed, and the cellulolytic properties of the recombinant strains were assayed via plate growth, batch fermentation and sugar release assays.ConclusionsWe have been able to demonstrate the synthesis and in vivo assembly of a four-component minicellulosome by recombinant C. acetobutylicum strains. Furthermore, we have been able to anchor a minicellulosome to the C. acetobutylicum cell wall by the use of the native sortase system. The recombinant strains display an improved growth phenotype on xylan and an increase in released reducing sugar from several substrates including untreated powdered wheat straw. This constitutes an important milestone towards the development of a truly cellulolytic strain suitable for CBP.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13068-016-0526-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of a functional cell wall-anchored minicellulosome by recombinant Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824

Willson

Kovács

Wilding-Steele

et al. 2016

Biotechnol Biofuels

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“…About 60-70% of the total ABE production cost is the cost for substrates (Madihah et al, 2001). Therefore, many researches have been conducted to find the most economical substrates for ABE fermentation, for examples those who used simple sugars such as glucose, lactose, galactose and xylose (Bahl, et al, 1986;Keis et al, 2001;Shinto et al, 2008), or more complex substrates such as sago starch (Madihah et al 2001), maltodextrin (Formanek et al, 1997), packing peanuts (Jesse et al, 2002), corn starch (McNeil & Kristiansen, 1986), maize and potato starch (Nicole et al, 1993), as well as xylans from different sources of hemicellulosic residues (Lemmel et al, 1985;Qureshi et al, 2006;Saha & Bothast, 1999), wheat straws and other residues which were used either directly in the fermentation or with different types of pretreatments before being used in the ABE fermentation process. Most of such experiments employed bacterial strains of Clostridium acetobutylicum or C. beijerinckii; consequently there is a lot of information regarding the ABE fermentation performed by such strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol Fermentation for Bioenergy Using Various Substrates in Defined Tya Media

Ambarsari¹,

Sonomoto²

2015

ELK

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A series of experiments had been conducted to investigate the performance of Clostridiumsaccharoperbutylacetonicum strain N1-4 (ATCC 13564) in direct fermentation of acetone, butanol, andethanol (ABE) using several substrates that have not been investigated previously using this strain,such as cellobiose, dextrin, starches of corn, potato, tapioca, wheat, and sago, as well as morecomplex carbohydrates such as xylans, cellulose, and carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC), particularly tostudy the effect of such various substrate types and concentrations, as well as the substrates mixtureson the ABE ratio and productivity. The results showed that strain N1-4 could directly produce ABE fromvarious substrates, from monosaccharide to polysaccharides of hexose or pentose sugars, exceptCMC and cellulose. The experiments also suggested that cellobiose (a hexose disaccharide) could bethe more efficient substrate for strain N1-4 than glucose (a monosaccharide) to produce ABE in the TYA(Tryptone Yeast Agar) medium. It was proven also that the ABE ratio was very dependent on the typeand concentration of substrates being used by strain N1-4.Keywords: acetone, butanol, ethanol, clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4, fermentation

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“…Under defined conditions in a chemostat, strain ATCC 824 was able to utilize 50% of the oat spelt xylan for growth. More recently, Lemmel et al (14) showed that C. acetobutylicum ATCC 39236 was also able to grow on xylan.…”

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confidence: 99%

Purification and Characterization of Two Endoxylanases from Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824

Lee

Forsberg

Rattray

1987

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Two endoxylanases produced by C. acetobutylicum ATCC 824 were purified to homogeneity by column chromatography. Xylanase A, which has a molecular weight of 65,000, hydrolyzed larchwood xylan randomly, yielding xylohexaose, xylopentaose, xylotetraose, xylotriose, and xylobiose as end products. Xylanase B, which has a molecular weight of 29,000, also hydrolyzed xylan randomly, giving xylotriose and xylobiose as end products. Xylanase A hydrolyzed carboxymethyl cellulose with a higher specific activity than xylan. It also exhibited high activity on acid-swollen cellulose. Xylanase B showed practically no activity against either cellulose or carboxymethyl cellulose but was able to hydrolyze lichenan with a specific activity similar to that for xylan. Both xylanases had no aryl-p-xylosidase activity. The smallest oligosaccharides degraded by xylanases A and B were xylohexaose and xylotetraose, respectively. The two xylanases demonstrated similar Km and Vmax values but had different pH optima and isoelectric points. Ouchterlony immunodiffusion tests showed that xylanases A and B lacked antigenic similarity.

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Fermentation of xylan by Clostridium acetobutylicum

Cited by 37 publications

References 14 publications

Production of a functional cell wall-anchored minicellulosome by recombinant Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824

Production of a functional cell wall-anchored minicellulosome by recombinant Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824

Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol Fermentation for Bioenergy Using Various Substrates in Defined Tya Media

Purification and Characterization of Two Endoxylanases from Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824

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