Ferrite Permanent Magnets in Electrical Machines: Opportunities and Challenges of a Non-Rare-Earth Alternative

Tahanian, Hamed; Aliahmadi, Mehdi; Faiz, Jawad

doi:10.1109/tmag.2019.2957468

Cited by 67 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…Magnetic ferrites, a ceramic-like material, have received much attention in recent decades because of their fascinating magnetic properties, which can be used in a variety of electronic devices such as magnetic storage devices, gas-sensing devices, microwave devices, and a wide range of other biomedical applications [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Spinel ferrites, a type of magnetic ferrite, have a cubic spinel structure and belong to the space group Fd3m.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of Spin-Glass-like Behavior over a Wide Temperature Range in Single-Domain Nickel-Substituted Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles

Alzoubi

2022

Nanomaterials

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In this study, single-domain NixCo1−xFe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles with 0≤x≤1 were hydrothermally prepared and characterized using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and vibrating sample magnetometry. According to the Rietveld refinement results, all of the prepared nanoparticles were single phase with spinel-type structures. Increasing the Ni content increased the average crystallite size and X-ray density while decreasing the lattice constant. According to the TEM observations, the nanoparticles were spherical in shape. The formation of a single-phase spinel structure with two lattices centered at tetrahedral and octahedral sites was confirmed by the observation of two absorption bands in all FT-IR spectra. Magnetization data showed that the prepared nanoparticles of all compositions were ferrimagnetic across the entire temperature range of 300 K to 10 K. Magnetic properties such as saturation magnetization, remanent magnetization, coercivity, magnetic anisotropy, and magnetic moments per unit cell were found to decrease with increasing Ni content. The big difference in Hc of the x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 ferrites between 300 K and 10 K suggested that these ferrite nanoparticles are truly single-domain nanoparticles. The small value of Hc of the NiFe2O4(x=1) ferrite and its very weak temperature dependence suggested that this sample is in a multi-domain regime. The ZFC–FC curves revealed the existence of spin-glass-like behavior in these ferrite nanoparticles over the entire temperature range.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of Spin-Glass-like Behavior over a Wide Temperature Range in Single-Domain Nickel-Substituted Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles

Alzoubi

2022

Nanomaterials

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“…Table 1 shows the properties of each material. Equation (1) shows the torque of IPMSM. Among the variables included in the equation, T m is magnetic torque, T r is reluctance torque, P n is pole pairs, ψ a is armature flux linkage by permanent magnet, I a is input current, β is current phase angle, L d is d-axis inductance, and L q is the q-axis inductance.…”

Section: Features Of the Proposed Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As problems of depletion of petroleum resources and environmental pollution have emerged, interest in the development of high-performance electric motor technology is increasing. However, the rare earth used in the core parts of high-performance electric motors has large price fluctuations, and stable supply and demand are difficult because the reserves of resources are concentrated in several countries [1,2]. Therefore, pieces of research on motors that do not use rare earth have been actively conducted in recent years [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introduction 1background Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Shape of the Rotor to Improve the Performance of the Spoke-Type Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

et al. 2021

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This paper describes a study on the improvement of the dehydration performance of the conventional washing machine model. Recently, as interest in improving the dehydration performance of washing machines has increased, the need for a study on a high-speed electric motor has emerged. However, this conventional spoke-type PMSM has difficulty in speeding up due to the following problems. First, field weakening control is indispensable for high-speed operation of an electric motor. This control method is a big problem in causing torque drop and irreversible demagnetization of the motor. Moreover, the centrifugal force increases during high-speed operation, which adversely affects the stiffness of the motor. Therefore, in this paper, a new rotor shape of spoke-type PMSM was proposed to solve the above problem.

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“…There are some representative candidates for replacing rare-earth PM machines. One of these candidates is the use of alternative motors with ferrite PM [5][6][7][8]. Although the ferrite PM has high productivity and cost competitiveness compared with rare-earth PM [9,10], the residual flux density of the motor with ferrite PM is lower than that of the rare-earth PM motor by at least two to three times [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Drive Applications: Possible Replacement of Rare-Earth Permanent Magnet Motors

Jeong

Cinti

2021

Energies

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This paper deals with the possibility to replace rare-earth permanent magnet (PM) motors in direct drive applications. According to previous researches, there are alternatives such as surface-mounted PM motors and spoke-type motors adopting Ferrite PMs, synchronous reluctance motors, with or without the assistance of low-energy PMs. Few studies have been carried out to compare all models at once, thus it is hard to choose which type motor is to be preferred as a valid alternative of rare-earth PM motors in direct drive applications. In this paper, the representative candidates listed above are analyzed and the results are compared with that of a rare-earth PM motor, which is considered as a reference motor. Additionally, the demagnetization phenomenon of the motors with Ferrite PMs is deeply analyzed because this kind of PM may be easily demagnetized by the stator flux. Finally, both strengths and weaknesses of each alternative motors are highlighted.

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Ferrite Permanent Magnets in Electrical Machines: Opportunities and Challenges of a Non-Rare-Earth Alternative

Cited by 67 publications

References 124 publications

Observation of Spin-Glass-like Behavior over a Wide Temperature Range in Single-Domain Nickel-Substituted Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles

Observation of Spin-Glass-like Behavior over a Wide Temperature Range in Single-Domain Nickel-Substituted Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles

A Study on the Shape of the Rotor to Improve the Performance of the Spoke-Type Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

Direct Drive Applications: Possible Replacement of Rare-Earth Permanent Magnet Motors

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