Ferrocene-Functionalized 4-(2,5-Di(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)aniline: A Novel Design in Conducting Polymer-Based Electrochemical Biosensors

Abstract

Herein, we report a novel ferrocenyldithiophosphonate functional conducting polymer and its use as an immobilization matrix in amperometric biosensor applications. Initially, 4-(2,5-di(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)amidoferrocenyldithiophosphonate was synthesized and copolymerized with 4-(2,5-di(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)benzenamine at graphite electrodes. The amino groups on the polymer were utilized for covalent attachment of the enzyme glucose oxidase. Besides, ferrocene on the backbone was used as a redox mediator during the electrochemical measurements. Prior to the analytical characterization, optimization studies were carried out. The changes in current signals at +0.45 V were proportional to glucose concentration from 0.5 to 5.0 mM. Finally, the resulting biosensor was applied for glucose analysis in real samples and the data were compared with the spectrophotometric Trinder method.

The Design of Sensitive, Selective and Reproducible Biosensor With Enzyme Immobilisation For Analytical Applications

“…To construct a sensitive enzyme-based biosensor requires the biorecognition molecules to be immobilized to maintain the biological material close to the transducer surface while retaining its catalytic activity [22]. Enzyme based biosensors have utilized enzymes on various types of electrode materials including metals, carbon, organic conducting salts and modified polymers as reviewed in the references [23,24].…”

Synthesis and electropolymerization of a multifunctional naphthalimide clicked carbazole derivative

“…Semiconducting polymers have attracted remarkable attention due to their wide range of applications such as organic light‐emitting diodes, smart windows, sensors and photovoltaic cells . Recent advances in industrial research require the design and synthesis of new multifunctional semiconducting polymers .…”

Water‐Soluble Metallocene‐Containing Polymers

“…Other sandwich‐complexes are known with either metal or ligand variations derived from ferrocene such as ruthenium, i.e., ruthenocene (rc) or bis(benzene)chromium. Applications for such sandwich‐complexes are manifold, often based on their redox‐profile, e.g., in amperometric glucose sensors, where they act as mediators between the analyte and the electrode . They are also used as antiknock agents in gasoline to increase its octane rating, or are discussed in modern cancer therapeutics …”