Cobaltocenium carbaldehyde (formylcobaltocenium) hexafluoridophosphate,
a long sought-after functionalized cobaltocenium salt, is accessible
from cobaltocenium carboxylic acid by a three-step synthetic sequence
involving (i) chlorination to the acid chloride, (ii) copper-borohydride
reduction to the hydroxymethyl derivative, and (iii) Dess–Martin
oxidation to the title compound. Due to the strongly electron-withdrawing
cationic cobaltocenium moiety, no standard aldehyde reactivity is
observed. Instead, nucleophilic addition followed by haloform-type
cleavage prevails, thereby ruling out common useful aldehyde derivatization.
One-electron reduction of cobaltocenium carbaldehyde hexafluoridophosphate
affords the deep-blue, isolable cobaltocene carbaldehyde 19-valence-electron
radical whose spin density is located fully at cobalt and not at the
formyl carbon atom. 1H/13C NMR, IR, EPR spectroscopy,
high-resolution mass spectrometry, cyclic voltammetry, single crystal
structure analysis (XRD), and density functional theory are applied
to characterize these unusual formyl-cobaltocenium/cobaltocene compounds.