Ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, magnetodielectric and in-plane ME coupling properties of Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3–Bi0.9Nd0.1FeO3 bilayer nano-films prepared via Sol–gel processing

Rare-earth-containing perovskite nanomaterials: design, synthesis, properties and applications

“…Pyroelectric effect is associated with the electrically charged species of the crystal structure along the direction of charge polarization displacement. 199 This is usually caused by the asymmetry positive and negative charge centres, which constitutes the ferroelectric dipoles and shows the pyroelectric effect. 200 A good thermoelectric material should have a large Seebeck coefficient, good conductivity and a low thermal conductivity coefficient.…”

“…Moreover, the P-E curve of pure PZT film was presented the upper inset in (F) and the lower inset is the DC leakage characteristics of the laminar film, implied that BNF/PZT bilayer composite films possess better ferroelectricity than those of BNF/ PZT. 199 A new idea for the design of multi-layer structures is therefore provided in terms of enhancing the ferroelectricity of RE-containing PNMs. Other examples of the dielectric properties of RE-containing PNMs are shown in Table 2.…”