Ferroelectric Modulation in Flexible Lead‐Free Perovskite Schottky Direct‐Current Nanogenerator for Capsule‐Like Magnetic Suspension Sensor

Abstract

The tribovoltaic nanogenerator (TVNG), a promising semiconductor energy technology, displays outstanding advantages such as low matching impedance and continuous direct‐current output. However, the lack of controllable and stable performance modulation strategies is still a major bottleneck that impedes further practical applications of TVNG. Herein, by leveraging the ferroelectricity‐enhanced mechanism and the control of interfacial energy band bending, a lead‐free perovskite‐based (3,3‐difluorocyclobutylammonium)2CuCl4 ((DF‐CBA)2CuCl4)/Al Schottky junction TVNG is constructed. The multiaxial ferroelectricity of (DF‐CBA)2CuCl4 enables an excellent surface charge modulating capacity, realizing a high work function regulation of ≈0.7 eV and over 15‐fold current regulation (from 6 to 93 µA) via an electrical poling control. The controllable electrical poling leads to elevated work function difference between the Al electrode and (DF‐CBA)2CuCl4 compared to traditional semiconductors and halide perovskites, which creates a stronger built‐in electric field at the Schottky interface to enhance the electrical output. This TVNG device exhibits outstanding flexibility and long‐term stability (>20 000 cycles) that can endure extreme mechanical deformations, and can also be used in a capsule‐like magnetic suspension device capable of detecting vibration and weights of different objects as well as harvesting energy from human motions and water waves.

Advanced Design of Light‐Assisted Nanogenerators with Multifunctional Perovskites

“…Interestingly, this perovskite-based TENGs can produce different output signal characteristics depending on the matching friction materials. [60,113,137,138] When perovskites are paired with insulating polymers, the electrostatic induction and triboelectrification of two materials is the origin of alternating current (AC) outputs. When it is paired with semiconductors or metals, the direct current (DC) outputs would be produced by contact electrification and the nonequilibrium carrier transfer at dynamic PN junction or Schottky junction interface.…”

Perovskite Paradigm Shift: A Green Revolution with Lead-Free Alternatives in Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction

“…are also suitable for engineering the Schottky junction with halide perovskite materials. 277,278 An exemplary non-noble metal showing propensity in the field of CO 2 reduction is the Cu element, owing to its excellent electrical conductivity and ability to augment CO 2 adsorption sites while inhibiting the competing HER. 279,280 In light of these merits, Zhao et al employed a facile acid-etching solution reaction procedure to develop CsCuCl 2 /Cu heterojunction using Cu 2 O as the sacrificial template.…”

Generating Direct Current Electricity from Ionic Droplets by Using Ferroelectric Material

“…Furthermore, almost all SL-TENGs generate an alternating current (AC) output, which is not ideal for low-power sensor and IoT applications . Although efforts have been made to directly generate direct current (DC), − present methods are still inefficient and cumbersome to implement. Therefore, developing a universal and adaptable DC generator from falling droplets is imperative.…”