Fertilization Rates and Embryonic Death Rates in Cows Bred to Bulls of Different Levels of Fertility

Kidder, H.E.; Black, W. G.; Wiltbank, J. N.; Ulberg, L. C.; Casida, L. E.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(54)91314-4

Cited by 81 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Hawk, Tyler & Casida (1955), who were studying the effect of different systems of mating on prenatal death, used pregnancy diagnosis in addition and the figure given is the over-all figure for prenatal death. Both Kidder, Black, Wiltbank, Ulberg & Casida (1954) and Bearden, Hansel & Bratton (1956) were studying the effects of the level of fertility of the bull on embryonic death and again the figures are average over-all estimates. (Perry, 1954;Haines, Warnick & Wallace, 1955Baker, Self, Chapman, Grummer & Casida, 1956;Baker, Chapman, Grummer & Casida, 1958).…”

Section: Extent Of Prenatal Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Mortality in Farm Animals

Hanly¹

1961

Reproduction

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Section: Extent Of Prenatal Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Mortality in Farm Animals

Hanly¹

1961

Reproduction

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“…Although the procedures used are commercially acceptable, they could be improved. Fertilisation failure may occur in up to 15 % of apparently healthy females and in up to 40 % of animals that have failed to conceive after several inseminations (Tanabe and Casida, 1949 ;Tanabe and Almquist, 1953 ;Kidder et al, 1954 ;Bearden, Hansel and Bratton, 1956 ;Boyd et al, 1969). Fur-thermore, insemination at an inappropriate time relative to ovulation is known to reduce fertility (Trimberger, 1948 ;Deas, 1970 ;MacMillan and Watson, 1975a, b ;Robbins et al, 1978 ;Foote, 1979), partly because the proportion of eggs fertilised is reduced, but also because those eggs fertilised after a postovulatory delay are more likely to die during embryonic development (Casida, 1950 (Hunter, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sperm transport into the oviducts of heifers mated early in oestrus

Wilmut¹,

Hunter²

1984

Reprod. Nutr. Dévelop.

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“…Early studies showed that although fertilization rates could be as high as 90% in normal cattle bred to bulls with high fertility (Kidder et al 1954;Bearden et al 1955;Hendricks et al 1971;Diskin and Sreenan 1980); substantial pregnancy losses occurred during the embryonic phase of pregnancy (before Day 42). Estimates of embryonic mortality varied greatly in different studies and ranged from approximately 10 to 40% in first-service cattle to 65% in repeat-breeder cows by Days 30 to 42 (Tanabe and Casida 1949;Kidder et al 1954;Bearden et al 1955;Hawk et al 1955;Hendricks et al 1971;Diskin and Sreenan 1980). It is generally accepted that fertility has decreased in the past 30 yr, especially in high-producing dairy cows, in which conception rates can be as low as 25-40% (Butler 1998).…”

Section: Extent and Timing Of Embryonicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting embryo survival and strategies to reduce embryonic mortality in cattle

Bilodeau‐Goeseels¹,

Kastelic²

2003

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Bilodeau-Goeseels, S. and Kastelic, J. P. 2003. Factors affecting embryo survival and strategies to reduce embryonic mortality in cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83: 659-671. Embryonic mortality in cattle is the death of the conceptus before Day 42 of pregnancy. Estimates of embryonic mortality varied greatly, ranging from 10 to 40% in first-service cattle to 65% in repeat-breeder cows. This paper reviews endogenous causes of embryonic mortality, including chromosomal abnormalities, inadequate corpus luteum function and the influence of follicular development on fertility. External causes of embryonic mortality, including heat stress and nutrition, are also reviewed; these factors act by modifying the follicular environment (thereby affecting oocyte quality) or by creating a hostile uterine environment. Strategies to reduce embryonic mortality, including good management practices and supplementation with progesterone or interferon-tau, are discussed. From a practical perspective, improved knowledge of the causes of embryonic mortality and regulation of follicular growth and corpus luteum function should result in the development of improved, cost-effective hormonal regimes that effectively synchronize estrus and ovulation and reduce embryonic mortality, thereby benefiting the cattle industry.Key words: Cattle, reproduction, fertility, embryo development, embryo mortality Bilodeau-Goeseels, S. et Kastelic, J. P. 2003. Les facteurs affectant la survie de l'embryon et les stratégies pour réduire la mortalité embryonnaire chez la vache. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83: 659-671. Chez la vache, la mortalité embryonnaire se définie comme étant la perte de l'embryon avant le Jour 42 de la gestation. Les estimations de la mortalité embryonnaire varient grandement, allant de 10 à 40 % chez les vaches à fertilité normale jusqu'à 65 % chez les vaches à fertilité réduite. L'article que voiçi examine les causes endogènes de la mortalité embryonnaire incluant les anomalies chromosomales, le fonctionnement inadéquat du corpus luteum ainsi que l'influence du développement folliculaire sur la fertilité. Des causes externes telles que le stress thermique et la nutrition sont aussi passées en revue; ces facteurs agissent en modifiant l'environnement folliculaire ce qui conduit à une diminution de la qualité de l'ovocyte; ou en créant un environnement utérin hostile pour l'embryon. Des stratégies pour réduire la mortalité embryonnaire telles que la bonne gestion et la supplémentation avec de la progestérone ou de l'interféron-tau sont aussi discutées. Du point de vue pratique, l'augmentation des connaissances sur les causes de la mortalité embryonnaire ainsi que sur la régulation de la croissance folliculaire et du fonctionnement du corpus luteum permettra le développement de régimes hormonaux améliorés et économiques produisant des hauts niveaux de synchronization de l'estrus et/ou de l'ovulation et qui réduiront la mortalité embryonnaire, ce don't bénéficieront les industries laitières et bovines. Mots clés:Bovin, reproduction, fertilité, dévelo...

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Fertilization Rates and Embryonic Death Rates in Cows Bred to Bulls of Different Levels of Fertility

Cited by 81 publications

References 2 publications

Prenatal Mortality in Farm Animals

Prenatal Mortality in Farm Animals

Sperm transport into the oviducts of heifers mated early in oestrus

Factors affecting embryo survival and strategies to reduce embryonic mortality in cattle

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