Festoons of Orbicularis Muscle as a Cause of Baggy Eyelids

Furnas, David W.

doi:10.1097/00006534-197804000-00007

Cited by 91 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…Carriquiry et al [10] and Hamra [11, 12] determined that aging results in the lower orbicularis oculi muscles becoming atonic and ptotic. Furnas [5] reported that baggy eyelids are caused by laxity in the orbicularis oculi. Chen et al [6] and Darcy et al [13] analyzed intraorbital fat herniation using CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), respectively, showing the relationship between increased orbital fat prolapse and progressive age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using Multidetector Row Computed Tomography to Evaluate Baggy Eyelid

Okuda

Iseki²,

Nakajima

et al. 2011

Aesth Plast Surg

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BackgroundBaggy eyelids, formed by intraorbital fat herniation in the lower eyelids, are a sign of aging observed in the midface. This study aimed to identify the cause of baggy eyelids by evaluating the relationship between orbicularis oculi muscle thickness, orbital fat prolapse length, and age using multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT).MethodsThe 34 patients in the study ranged in age from 20 to 79 years. The patients were divided into three age groups: 20–29 years, 30–54 years, and 55–79 years. Orbicularis oculi muscle thickness and orbital fat prolapse length were measured using reconstructed computed tomography (CT) images.ResultsThe orbicularis oculi muscle was found to be significantly thinner in the oldest group. Likewise, orbital fat prolapse was found to be significantly more prominent in the oldest group. A strong and significant negative correlation was found between orbicularis oculi muscle thickness and orbital fat prolapse length (r = −0.78; P < 0.001) and between orbicularis oculi muscle thickness and age (r = −0.77; P < 0.001). A strong and significant positive correlation was found between orbital fat prolapse length and age (r = 0.78; P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe use of MDCT provides insight into the detailed changes associated with aging that take place within the lower eyelids. This study objectively demonstrated that the major factors associated with baggy eyelids include orbicularis oculi muscle thickness, orbital fat prolapse length, and age. Decreased orbicularis oculi muscle thickness leads to the orbital fat prolapse.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, Furnas [5] reported that baggy eyelids are attributable to laxity in the orbicularis oculi muscle. Using computed tomography (CT), Chen et al [6] described the relationship between intraorbital fat herniation or orbital fat prolapse and age.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Multidetector Row Computed Tomography to Evaluate Baggy Eyelid

Okuda

Iseki²,

Nakajima

et al. 2011

Aesth Plast Surg

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“…Rosenberg [4] proposed liposuction of the edema and the subdermal fat without any consideration of the orbicularis muscle. On the other hand, Furnas [7] raised a myocutaneous flap with excision of the cephalic part of orbicularis, which may dissolve the festoons but not the localized edema. The technique proposed by Hamra [8][9][10][11] combines a deep-plane facelift and excision of the lower part of the orbicularis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liposuction and Suspension of the Orbicularis Oculi for the Correction of Persistent Malar Bags: Description of Technique and Report of a Case

Liapakis¹,

Paschalis

2011

Aesth Plast Surg

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“…Removal techniques are based on the excess theory and for that reason excise fat 5 and muscle. 17,18 Repositioning techniques repair the pseudoherniation by returning the protruding fat to the orbit by tightening the septum at its superior, 14,19 -21 middle, 22,23 and inferior 24 portions. Finally, transferring methods open the septum and mobilize the fat bags away from the orbit, especially in the lower eyelid, to treat secondary 25 or tear trough deformities 26 -29 ; transferring methods are used during midfacial rejuvenation procedures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%