Fetal Axillary Cystic Hygroma Detected by Prenatal Ultrasonography: A Case Report

Abstract

Fetal cystic hygroma is a rare developmental congenital anomaly of the lymphatic system, characterized by the formation of a multilocular, variable sized cystic mass. Most of cystic hygromas are found in the neck and other rare locations include axilla, mediastinum, and limbs. There are many papers about cystic hygroma colli, but there are only a few papers about fetal axillary cystic hygroma and no domestic papers. We present a case of fetal axillary cystic hygroma diagnosed antenatally followed by full-term delivery in a 30-yr-old woman. Operation was performed on the 8th day after birth and the mass was excised and confirmed as cystic hygroma.

Prenatal Diagnosis of a Fetal Chest Wall Cystic Lymphangioma Using Ultrasonography and MRI: A Case Report with Literature Review

“…The incidence of cystic lymphangioma is estimated to be 1: 6,000 pregnancies, but it is a relatively common anomaly in miscarried fetuses with a frequency of 1: 875 [3] . The survival rate progressively improves with normal karyotype, atypical location, and resolution of cystic lymphangioma [20] .…”

“…Romero et al [13] cited a 69% incidence of abnormal karyotypes in affected fetuses, the majority being Turner syndrome, but these features might not apply to non-nuchal lymphangiomas diagnosed in utero. Because of the paucity of available data, it is uncertain whether non-nuchal lymphangiomas carry a signifi cant risk for aneuploidy [14] , and isolated lymphangiomas detected during third trimester seem to be a completely different entity [3,15] .…”

“…3 ! 2-cm-sized, soft cystic mass in the left chest posterior wall area ( fi g. 3 ). No other structural anomalies were identifi ed.…”

Microcystic Lymphatic Malformation: A Case Report

“…As the lymphatic malformations develop mostly in the head and neck; the tongue found to be the mostly affected site in the oral cavity [8,9]. Tongue Lymphatic malformations tend to be microcystic, diffuse with no clear margins in the anterior tongue two-third [10].…”

Microcystic Lymphatic Malformations of the Tongue

“…Regarding the mouth, the tongue is most commonly affected. 7,8 Lymphatic malformations involving the tongue tend to be microcystic, poorly defined, diffuse lesions. They typically occur in the anterior two-thirds of the tongue and involve the lingual dorsum.…”