Fetal gender determination by first-trimester ultrasound in dairy cows under routine herd management in Northwest Spain

Arias, Luis Angel Quintela; González, Juan José Becerra; Marı́n, C.; Barrio, M.; Cainzos, J.; Prieto, Alberto; Díaz, Cecilia Beatriz; Herradón, P. G.

doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.02.022

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…According to Ali (2004), the best time for foetal gender determination is between days 56 and 98 of gestation, although the breed and age of animals should be taken in consideration. Accuracy of early foetal sex determination by US assessment of the relative location of the GT is high when US examination is properly timed (Muller and Wittkowski 1986;Curran et al 1989;Wideman et al 1989;Shunichi et al 1994;Ali 2004;Quintela et al 2011). The period of GT migration is a vital parameter and must be verified to avoid male foetuses being incorrectly classified as females because of GT migration after examination (Santos et al 2005).…”

Section: Foetal Sex Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Ultrasound in the Reproductive Management of Dairy Cattle

Arias

Barrio

Martínez

et al. 2012

Reprod Domestic Animals

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The significant decrease in fertility observed in dairy cattle during the last few decades and increasing requirements by the farmers have made a regular control of reproduction indispensable to urgently identify and solve potential problems affecting reproductive efficiency. Traditionally, the main diagnostic methods used for reproductive control in cattle included rectal palpation, inspection of vaginal discharge and vaginoscopy. Since the 1990 s, the use of ultrasound (US) has become a common diagnostic method as a result of the new advances made in the development of US scans: smaller size, high level of autonomy, high image quality and accessible prices. Ultrasound improves accuracy in the diagnoses of stages of the oestrous cycle, ovarian and uterine pathologies, and pregnancy diagnosis. In addition, it facilitates the diagnosis of alterations during pregnancy (embryo mortality, foetal malformations, etc.) and helps determining foetal sex from day 55 of pregnancy.

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Section: Foetal Sex Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Ultrasound in the Reproductive Management of Dairy Cattle

Arias

Barrio

Martínez

et al. 2012

Reprod Domestic Animals

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“…Simple associations of herd size, barn type, region, and organic production with method of pregnancy diagnosis in 1,047 herds participating in the Canadian National Dairy Study 2015 incidence of pregnancy loss in high-producing dairy cattle is variable but can exceed 20% (Cartmill et al, 2001), with early embryonic loss ranging from 15 to 25% (Moore et al, 2005). Rechecking cows around 60 d postbreeding identifies pregnancy loss (Fricke, 2002) and can identify fetal sex when using ultrasound technology (Quintela et al, 2011). With about one third of farms not rechecking to confirm pregnancy, it is possible that producers are not educated as to the benefit of confirmation or that it may not be practical on some farms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive management practices on dairy farms: The Canadian National Dairy Study 2015

Schyndel

Bauman

Pascottini

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to characterize reproductive management practices on Canadian dairy farms and describe differences based on regional and demographic factors. A questionnaire was offered to all licensed Canadian dairy producers and included 189 questions regarding producer and farm background information, herd dynamics, biosecurity, disease prevalence, calf health, animal welfare, milking practices, reproduction, and internet use. Twenty-four questions were related to estrus detection, hormonal protocols for reproduction, insemination, and pregnancy diagnosis. A total of 1,373 producers responded to the survey, representing a response rate of 12.5%. Estrus detection practices in lactating cows were associated with herd size, barn type, region, organic production, breeding method, and age of respondent. The most commonly used estrus-detection method in cows was visual (51.0% of farms for first insemination; 45.5% for subsequent inseminations). Estrus detection for nulliparous heifers was associated with herd size, barn type, region, and breeding method, with visual detection also the most common method for heifers (71.3% of farms). Eighty percent of farms used strictly artificial insemination, 2.8% used natural service only, and 16.8% used a combination of artificial insemination and natural service. Breeding method was associated with herd size, barn type, region, and education level of the respondent. Pregnancy diagnosis method was associated with herd size, barn type, region, and organic production. Ultrasound was the most commonly used method of pregnancy diagnosis (used by 52.2% of farms). Sixty-nine percent of farms rechecked cows for pregnancy, and rectal palpation was the most com-monly used method (employed by 48.7%). Reproductive management practices vary considerably among Canadian dairy farms and decisions are associated with farm-level factors, including region, herd size, and barn type, as well as producer-level factors, such as age, managerial role, and education level.

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“…Among humans it is safe and cost-effective and was shown lately to be accurate even in the first trimester [56]. It is successfully used in animals including horses [57], cows [58], and other large animals. In multiple pregnancies the method is less accurate.…”

Section: Physical (Anatomical) Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for Prenatal Sex Determination and Their Importance in Understanding and Prevention of Gender-Related Birth Defects

Ornoy¹,

Weinstein-Fudim²,

Ergaz³

2020

Childbirth

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Various hormones, chemicals, and teratogenic agents exhibit gender-related effects in utero as well as postnatally. Among such gender-specific teratogens are endocrine disruptors, especially phthalates that affect male gonads, diabetesinduced oxidative stress with more deleterious effects on male offspring, procarbazine-induced cleft palate affecting more male fetal rats compared to females, and VPA-induced autism-like behavior that affects differently males than females. Hence, there are many needs for the accurate determination of genetic gender. In newborn animals, the morphological methods that exist for sex determination (i.e., anogenital distance) are generally inaccurate. Hence, an accurate and simple method for the prenatal and early postnatal assessment of the genetic sex, prior to reliable evaluation from the external genitalia, is of utmost importance. Indeed, several methods have been developed for accurate assessment of genetic sex, which are discussed in this chapter. Findings from studies in our laboratory have shown that the method described by McFarlan et al. for the assessment of genetic sex in adult mice by PCR of Sly/Xlr genes can be reliably used for the genetic sex determination of any tissue, including embryos and fetuses, with an accuracy of about 100%.

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Fetal gender determination by first-trimester ultrasound in dairy cows under routine herd management in Northwest Spain

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Use of Ultrasound in the Reproductive Management of Dairy Cattle

Use of Ultrasound in the Reproductive Management of Dairy Cattle

Reproductive management practices on dairy farms: The Canadian National Dairy Study 2015

Methods for Prenatal Sex Determination and Their Importance in Understanding and Prevention of Gender-Related Birth Defects

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