Fetal kidney charts of a novel measurement of the renal parenchymal thickness to evaluate fetal kidney growth and potential function

Brennan, Sonja; Kandasamy, Yogavijayan; Rudd, Donna; Schneider, Michal; Watson, David

doi:10.1002/pd.5701

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…If a dilation of the renal pelvis or/and retrovesical ureteral dilation is detected, the abdominal way from renal pelvis to bladder should be screened for megaureter, which might be meandering. Criteria for abnormalities ( 7 , 9 – 12 ) included kidney length according to the reference for preterm or term infants; a difference of ≥10 mm in length of the left and right kidneys; and if urinary tract dilation (UTD) was detected, we used the Onen hydronephrosis-grading system ( 10 ) combined with caliectasis, parenchymal thinning and the anteroposterior diameter of the renal pelvis (APD).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors Associated With Renal and Urinary Tract Anomalies Delineated by an Ultrasound Screening Program in Infants

Liu

Shi

et al. 2022

Front. Pediatr.

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of ultrasound screening for congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) during the early postnatal period.MethodsThis is a prospective study that enrolled all neonates born from August 2019 to July 2020 at one medical center. Postnatal ultrasound screening was conducted in all neonates at 1, 3, and 6 months old, respectively. Information on antenatal detection and pregnancy was collected. We performed logistic regression analyses and established a predictive model to assess the potential risk factors of abnormal ultrasound screening results.ResultsPostnatal ultrasound scanning in 4,877 infants identified 268 cases (5.5%) of anomalies of kidney and urinary tract by primary screening and 92 cases (1.9%) by tertiary screening. A specific diagnosis was identified in 47 cases within the 6-month screening and follow-up program. Logistic regression revealed that preterm birth, oligohydramnios, antenatal ultrasound screening anomalies, and gestational hypothyroidism were independent risk factors for the early detection of CAKUT by postnatal ultrasound screening. The above factors were adopted to develop a predictive model that showed good calibration in predicting ultrasound findings of CAKUT. Decision curve analysis demonstrated good clinical utility.ConclusionsPostnatal ultrasound screening should be conducted in infants with risk factors associated with CAKUT. Further study on prenatal and fetal factors could help establish the predictive model for the early detection of CAKUT.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors Associated With Renal and Urinary Tract Anomalies Delineated by an Ultrasound Screening Program in Infants

Liu

Shi

et al. 2022

Front. Pediatr.

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“…cortical thickness) [ 32 ]. When kidney anomalies are detected in prenatal sonographic findings, we suggest considering a referral to a tertiary medical center for confirmation and providing families with available information on the detected pathology by multidisciplinary teams [ 33 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Definition, diagnosis and clinical management of non-obstructive kidney dysplasia: a consensus statement by the ERKNet Working Group on Kidney Malformations

Kohl

Avni

Capone

et al. 2022

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation

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Kidney dysplasia is one of the most frequent causes of chronic kidney failure in children. While dysplasia is a histological diagnosis, the term ‘kidney dysplasia’ is frequently used in daily clinical life without histopathological confirmation. Clinical parameters of kidney dysplasia have not been clearly defined, leading to imprecise communication amongst healthcare professional and with patients. This lack of consensus hampers precise disease understanding and the development of specific therapies. Based on a structured literature search, we here suggest a common basis for clinical, imaging, genetic, pathological, and basic science aspects of non-obstructive kidney dysplasia associated with functional kidney impairment. We propose to accept hallmark sonographic findings as surrogate parameters defining a clinical diagnosis of dysplastic kidneys. We suggest differentiated clinical follow-up plans for children with kidney dysplasia and summarize established monogenic causes for non-obstructive kidney dysplasia. Finally, we point out and discuss research gaps in the field.

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“… 22 , 23 The AG preterm infants were compared to a group of low-risk pregnancies which we used to develop normal ranges of fetal renal parenchyma in a previous study. 20 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15,19 The fetal cohort was from a parallel study that investigated fetal renal growth. 20 Preterm infants born at less than 32-weeks of gestation, who were admitted to the neonatal department during the study period were classified as the study population. For this study, just the appropriately grown preterm infants (AG) (birth weight was between the 5th and 95th percentile on a fetal weight chart 21 ) were included.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method used in this study is similar to our previous ultrasound study of the renal parenchyma, where the intra-and interobserver intra-class coefficient (ICC) was demonstrated to be greater than 95% for measurement of the renal parenchyma. 20 Infants were examined in the prone position. A mid-sagittal view of the kidney was obtained, and the maximum length of the kidney was measured.…”

Section: Kidney Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kidney growth following preterm birth: evaluation with renal parenchyma ultrasonography

et al. 2022

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Background Preterm birth impairs nephrogenesis, leading to a reduced nephron endowment which is inextricably linked to hypertension and chronic kidney disease in adults. The aim of this study was to compare nephron endowment between preterm infants to that of intrauterine fetuses at the same gestational age (GA) using a novel indirect ultrasound measurement of the renal parenchymal thickness. We hypothesized that extrauterine and intrauterine renal parenchymal thickness would differ based on altered renal growth environments. Methods In this observational study, appropriately grown preterm infants (birth weight of between the 5th and 95th percentile) born <32 weeks, admitted to the neonatal department were eligible to participate. Renal parenchymal thickness of the infants was measured at 32- and 37-weeks postmenstrual age (PMA). These measurements were compared to the intrauterine renal parenchymal thickness of appropriately grown fetuses (control). Results At 32-weeks PMA, the preterm infants had a significantly thinner renal parenchyma compared to fetuses at 32-weeks GA suggesting they had less nephrons, however by 37-weeks there was no significant difference in renal parenchymal thickness. Conclusions We propose that the differences in the extrauterine growth of the renal parenchyma in preterm infants may be due to a reduced number of nephrons and compensatory hyperfiltration. Impact This article provides insight into the effects of prematurity on nephrogenesis by comparing extrauterine renal parenchymal growth of born preterm infants to the ideal intrauterine fetal growth. Renal parenchyma thickness measurement using ultrasonography is a novel non-invasive measurement of renal development for the determination of nephron endowment. Differences in the renal parenchymal thickness of the preterm infants may be due to a deficit in nephron number and compensatory hyperfiltration.

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Fetal kidney charts of a novel measurement of the renal parenchymal thickness to evaluate fetal kidney growth and potential function

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Risk Factors Associated With Renal and Urinary Tract Anomalies Delineated by an Ultrasound Screening Program in Infants

Risk Factors Associated With Renal and Urinary Tract Anomalies Delineated by an Ultrasound Screening Program in Infants

Definition, diagnosis and clinical management of non-obstructive kidney dysplasia: a consensus statement by the ERKNet Working Group on Kidney Malformations

Kidney growth following preterm birth: evaluation with renal parenchyma ultrasonography

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