FFE IBC cells: Impact of Busbars on Cell Performance with Circuit Modelling

Burgers, A.R.; Guillevin, N.; Mewe, A.A.; Suvvi, Aishwarya; Spinelli, Pierpaolo; Weeber, Arthur; Cesar, I.

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.005

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Holes from the perovskite will be collected directly by the metal nanowire contact grid, via the hole transporting layer. The efficiency of electron transmission from the top to the bottom cell depends on the quality of the tunnelling layer composed of n ++ Si layers (called front floating emitter/FFE); this design is just one possibility mirroring the original design of FFE. , The FFE can be thought of as the negative electrode representing a common ground between the devices, with the potential of the two cells being determined by their positive electrodes. As a result, the working principle of the 3-T IBC is equivalent to a 4-T, in which the two cells are electrically decoupled.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale Back Contact Perovskite Solar Cell Design for Improved Tandem Efficiency

2017

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Tandem photovoltaics, combining absorber layers with two distinct band gap energies into a single device, provide a practical solution to reduce thermalization losses in solar energy conversion. Traditionally, tandem devices have been assembled using two-terminal (2-T) or four-terminal (4-T) configurations; the 2-T limits the tandem performance due to the series connection requiring current matching, while the standard 4-T configuration requires at least three transparent electrical contacts, which reduce the total collected power due to unavoidable parasitic absorption. Here, we introduce a novel architecture based on a nanoscale back-contact for a thin-film top cell in a three terminal (3-T) configuration. Using coupled optical–electrical modeling, we optimize this architecture for a planar perovskite-silicon tandem, highlighting the roles of nanoscale contacts to reduce the required perovskite electronic quality. For example, with an 18% planar silicon base cell, the 3-T back contact design can reach a 32.9% tandem efficiency with a 10 μm diffusion length perovskite material. Using the same perovskite quality, the 4-T and 2-T configurations only reach 30.2% and 24.8%, respectively. We also confirm that the same 3-T efficiency advantage applies when using 25% efficient textured silicon base cells, where the tandems reach 35.2% and 32.8% efficiency for the 3-T, and 4-T configurations, respectively. Furthermore, because our design is based on the individual subcells being back-contacted, further improvements can be readily made by optimizing the front surface, which is left free for additional antireflective coating, light trapping, surface passivation, and photoluminescence outcoupling enhancements.

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confidence: 99%

Nanoscale Back Contact Perovskite Solar Cell Design for Improved Tandem Efficiency

2017

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“…FFE structure with a p + doped front surface floating junction instead of an n + region on the front side can effectively reduce the composite loss caused by the minority carrier transversal transport process [9,10]. In FFE IBC solar cells, the holes generated in the region above BSF move to the nearest FFE, then laterally transport in the FFE, and finally reach the back emitter [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Low-Cost IBC Solar Cells with a Front Floating Emitter: Structure Optimization and Passivation Layer Study

et al. 2018

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Abstract:In this paper, we investigate interdigitated back contact solar cells with the front floating emitter structure systematically by using simulated and experimental methods. By comparing the front floating emitter structure with the front surface field structure, it is found that the efficiency of solar cells with the front surface field structure quickly reduces with the increasing of back surface field width; while solar cells with the front floating emitter structure can have a wider front surface field width range with minimum impact on the cell efficiency. More importantly, solar cells with the front floating emitter structure have a larger fabrication process tolerance, especially for the back surface field width, emitter width, and the bulk resistivity, which means that the fabrication process flow can be simplified and the production cost can be reduced. Based on the above results, large area (156.75 mm × 156.75 mm) interdigitated back contact solar cells with the front floating emitter structure are fabricated by using the simplified process with only one masking step. SiO x :B is used as the passivation layer, which can lead to a higher open circuit voltage and lower surface saturation current density. Finally, an efficiency of 20.39% is achieved for the large area solar cells.

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“…Figure a,b shows the carrier transport and recombination loss schematic diagram of the FSF‐IBC and FFE‐IBC solar cells with both shallow grooves, respectively. The FFE layer could pump minority carriers above the BSF region and then quickly reinject them into the base and transport to emitter region based on the lateral voltage difference inside FFE layer (Figure b) . Therefore, the recombination loss caused by electrical shading and trap‐assisted SRH (see Figure a) could be reduced to a minimum.…”

Section: Advantage Of the Ffe‐ibc Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This couples with multistep doping technologies and high‐temperature processes, making silicon IBC solar cells currently cost about twice as much as the normal silicon solar cells. The Dutch energy research centre of the Netherlands (ECN) put forward a new cell concept “Mercury” by introducing a conductive front floating emitter (FFE) to increase patterning tolerances for interdigitated doping as well as metallization, and using “pumping effect” of FFE for holes generated above the BSF to depress the electrical shading . “Pumping effect” utilizes the voltage gradient in FFE layer to enable the holes to transport a longer distance, allowing the BSF width to be as wide as the emitter width without significant loss in cell efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Efficiency Interdigitated Back Contact Silicon Solar Cells with Front Floating Emitter

Ding

Lin

Liu

et al. 2019

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Silicon interdigitated back contact (IBC) solar cells with front floating emitter (FFE‐IBC) put forward a new carrier transport concept of “pumping effect” for minority carriers compared with traditional IBC solar cells with front surface field (FSF‐IBC). Herein, high‐performance FFE‐IBC solar cells are achieved theoretically combining superior crystalline silicon quality, front surface passivation, and shallow groove structure using 2D device model. The improvement of minority carrier transport capacity is realized in the conductive FFE layer through optimizing the doping concentration and junction depth. It is shown that the shallow groove on the rear side of FFE‐IBC solar cells can effectively enhance the carrier collection ability by means of minimizing the negative impact of undiffused gap or surface p–n junction. The high efficiency exceeding 25% can be realized on silicon FFE‐IBC solar cells with the novel cell structure and optimized cell parameters, where the back surface field and emitter region width can be made for the same with only a slight sacrifice of photocurrent density and conversion efficiency. It is demonstrated theoretically that the realization of high‐efficiency and low‐cost silicon IBC solar cells is feasible due to the increase of the module fabrication tolerance.

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FFE IBC cells: Impact of Busbars on Cell Performance with Circuit Modelling

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Nanoscale Back Contact Perovskite Solar Cell Design for Improved Tandem Efficiency

Nanoscale Back Contact Perovskite Solar Cell Design for Improved Tandem Efficiency

Efficient Low-Cost IBC Solar Cells with a Front Floating Emitter: Structure Optimization and Passivation Layer Study

High‐Efficiency Interdigitated Back Contact Silicon Solar Cells with Front Floating Emitter

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