Fiber Bragg grating sensor interrogators on chip: challenges and opportunities

Marin, Yisbel E.; Nannipieri, Tiziano; Otón, Claudio J.; Pasquale, F. Di

doi:10.1117/12.2272469

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The device used on the sensors applications was employed for knee rehabilitation, which means that this device was fixed on a chair and it was not used for gait assistance. Even though this feature reduces the constraints of portability for the FBG interrogator, it is important to mention that many works have proposed low cost and portable interrogators [15,42], where even FBG interrogators on chips have been studied [43]. In addition, there are also commercially available FBG transceivers with higher portability [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber Bragg Gratings in CYTOP Fibers Embedded in a 3D-Printed Flexible Support for Assessment of Human–Robot Interaction Forces

et al. 2018

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We developed a flexible support with embedded polymer optical fiber (POF) sensors for the assessment of human–robot interaction forces. The supports were fabricated with a three-dimensional (3D) printer, where an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) rigid structure was used in the region of the support in which the exoskeleton was attached, whereas a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) flexible structure was printed in the region where the users placed their legs. In addition, fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), inscribed in low-loss, cyclic, transparent, optical polymer (CYTOP) using the direct-write, plane-by-plane femtosecond laser inscription method, were embedded in the TPU structure. In this case, a 2-FBG array was embedded in two supports for human–robot interaction force assessment at two points on the users’ legs. Both FBG sensors were characterized with respect to temperature and force; additionally, the creep response of the polymer, where temperature influences the force sensitivity, was analyzed. Following the characterization, a compensation method for the creep and temperature influence was derived, showing relative errors below 4.5%. Such errors were lower than the ones obtained with similar sensors in previously published works. The instrumented support was attached to an exoskeleton for knee rehabilitation exercises, where the human–robot interaction forces were measured in flexion and extension cycles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber Bragg Gratings in CYTOP Fibers Embedded in a 3D-Printed Flexible Support for Assessment of Human–Robot Interaction Forces

et al. 2018

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“…For instance, a spectroscopic gas sensor needs a spectrometer to resolve the specific absorption lines of the gases [96]. Similarly, a fiber Bragg grating sensor needs to identify the shift in reflected wavelength peaks [102]. Such spectrometers can be implemented on a programmable PIC, either by using delay lines to build a reconfigurable wavelength filter [20], or by configuring the circuit as a Fourier transform IR spectrometer (FTIR) [103].…”

Section: B Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Programmable Photonics: An Opportunity for an Accessible Large-Volume PIC Ecosystem

Bogaerts

Rahim

2020

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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We look at the opportunities presented by the new concepts of generic programmable photonic integrated circuits (PIC) to deploy photonics on a larger scale. Programmable PICs consist of waveguide meshes of tunable couplers and phase shifters that can be reconfigured in software to define diverse functions and arbitrary connectivity between the input and output ports. Off-the-shelf programmable PICs can dramatically shorten the development time and deployment costs of new photonic products, as they bypass the design-fabrication cycle of a custom PIC. These chips, which actually consist of an entire technology stack of photonics, electronics packaging and software, can potentially be manufactured cheaper and in larger volumes than application-specific PICs. We look into the technology requirements of these generic programmable PICs and discuss the economy of scale. Finally, we make a qualitative analysis of the possible application spaces where generic programmable PICs can play an enabling role, especially to companies who do not have an in-depth background in PIC technology.

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“…All of the approaches presented cannot be widely used in the industry due to the utilization of expensive optoelectronic elements. For Industry 4.0 applications, the most beneficial would be either the usage of temperature/current-swept lasers or photonic-integrated circuits [42,43]. The first solution, when provided in a small, cost-effective package, typically offers a relatively small spectral range, which renders it not applicable in terms of a wide measurement range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Temperature Measurement with Low Cost, VCSEL-Based, Interrogation System Using Femtosecond Bragg Gratings

Markowski

Bojarczuk

Araszkiewicz

et al. 2022

Sensors

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In this article, a cost-effective and fast interrogating system for wide temperature measurement with Fiber Bragg Gratings is presented. The system consists of a Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) with a High Contrast Grating (HCG)-based cavity that allows for the fast tuning of the output wavelength. The work focuses on methods of bypassing the limitations of the used VCSEL laser, especially its relatively narrow tuning range. Moreover, an error analysis is provided by means of the VCSEL temperature instability and its influence on the system performance. A simple proof of concept of the measurement system is shown, where two femtosecond Bragg gratings were used to measure temperature in the range of 25 to 800 °C. In addition, an exemplary simulation of a system with sapphire Bragg gratings is provided, where we propose multiplexation in the wavelength and reflectance domains. The presented concept can be further used to measure a wide range of temperatures with scanning frequencies up to hundreds of kHz.

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Fiber Bragg grating sensor interrogators on chip: challenges and opportunities

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Fiber Bragg Gratings in CYTOP Fibers Embedded in a 3D-Printed Flexible Support for Assessment of Human–Robot Interaction Forces

Fiber Bragg Gratings in CYTOP Fibers Embedded in a 3D-Printed Flexible Support for Assessment of Human–Robot Interaction Forces

Programmable Photonics: An Opportunity for an Accessible Large-Volume PIC Ecosystem

High Temperature Measurement with Low Cost, VCSEL-Based, Interrogation System Using Femtosecond Bragg Gratings

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