Fiber‐draw‐induced elongation and break‐up of particles inside the core of a silica‐based optical fiber

Vermillac, Manuel; Lupi, Jean-François; Peters, François; Cabié, Martiane; Vennéguès, P.; Kucera, Courtney; Neisius, Thomas; Ballato, John; Blanc, Wilfried

doi:10.1111/jace.14774

Cited by 44 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Indeed, "dumb-bell" shaped nanoparticles (particles elongated between two rounded ends, as already reported in Ref. 7) and break-up were observed only in Mg2 fiber where, in fiber Mg1, all of the elongated particles ends with well-defined points. For the dumb-bell shaped particles, both rounded ends can be slightly different because the surface of the polished sample is not perfectly parallel to the large axis of these particles.…”

Section: Influence Of the Compositionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…However, thermodynamic and rheological effects are known to modify the shape and structure of the particles during fiber formation. Indeed, the Authors have recently reported the evolution of nanoparticles during the fiber draw process and showed that fiber drawing itself can induce particle elongation and break-up through rheological mechanisms, triggered by Rayleigh-Plateau capillary instabilities [7]. In this article, we discuss in more detail the parameters (composition and the drawing temperature) that allow for greater tailorability of the nanoparticle morphology in the fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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On the morphologies of oxides particles in optical fibers: Effect of the drawing tension and composition

et al. 2019

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Rare-earth-doped oxide nanoparticles in the core of silica optical fibers are becoming well studied as they yield enhanced and tailorable spectroscopic and optical properties. In this paper, the evolution of particle morphology, induced by the drawing step, is studied. Indeed, during the fiber draw process, the glass flows and particles can elongate and even break-up into smaller particles through Rayleigh-Plateau instabilities. The shape of elongated particles is related to the composition as it depends on the viscosity ratio between the particle and the matrix. Moreover, a lower drawing temperature enhances the break-up phenomenon. These observations offer new possibilities for the control of the size and the shape of particles, hence performance of active optical fibers.

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Section: Influence Of the Compositionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

On the morphologies of oxides particles in optical fibers: Effect of the drawing tension and composition

et al. 2019

Self Cite

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“…Magnesium-rich particles in the SEM image on the right appear less clear than the lanthanum-rich particles (on the left) because the chemical contrast between magnesium and silica is lower than that between lanthanum and silica. The origin of the elongated particles in both images is discussed in previous papers [16,17]. Figure 2 shows the increase in the La content along the length of the optical fiber, which is in agreement with the increasing soaking time with the second doping solution.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 81%

On the Enlargement of the Emission Spectra from the 4I13/2 Level of Er3+ in Silica-Based Optical Fibers through Lanthanum or Magnesium Co-Doping

et al. 2018

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Improving optical fiber amplifiers requires the elaboration and use of new materials and new compositions. In this sense, we prepared erbium-doped optical fiber samples that were co-doped with magnesium or lanthanum by gradual-time solution doping. Doping concentrations and thermal processes induce the formation of nanoparticles. The effect of lanthanum and magnesium contents on the width of the spontaneous emission of the 4 I 13 / 2 level of Er 3 + was characterized in the nanoparticle-rich fiber samples. For that purpose, the width was characterized by the effective linewidth and the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM). The results indicate the robustness of the effective linewidth to strong variations in the intensity profiles of the 4 I 13 / 2 spontaneous emission. Increasing the doping concentrations of both magnesium and lanthanum increases the FWHM and the effective linewidth, along with optical losses. Results show that the fabrication of nanoparticle-rich optical fibers through lanthanum or magnesium doping induces an FHWM broadening of 54% and 64%, respectively, or an effective linewidth broadening of 59% (for both elements) while maintaining a transparency that is compatible with fiber laser and amplifier applications.

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“…However, from the geometrical considerations, it is clear that their shape should evolve. Recently, to shed more light on this question, Vermillac et al studied the morphologies of oxide particles in optical fibers [191,192]. It was found that during the drawing step, the spherical particles present in the preform could be elongated and even broken up into smaller particles (Figure 6b).…”

Section: Phase-separated Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-Structured Optical Fibers Made of Glass-Ceramics, and Phase Separated and Metallic Particle-Containing Glasses

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Vermillac

et al. 2019

Fibers

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For years, scientists have been looking for different techniques to make glasses perfect: fully amorphous and ideally homogeneous. Meanwhile, recent advances in the development of particle-containing glasses (PCG), defined in this paper as glass-ceramics, glasses doped with metallic nanoparticles, and phase-separated glasses show that these "imperfect" glasses can result in better optical materials if particles of desired chemistry, size, and shape are present in the glass. It has been shown that PCGs can be used for the fabrication of nanostructured fibers-a novel class of media for fiber optics. These unique optical fibers are able to outperform their traditional glass counterparts in terms of available emission spectral range, quantum efficiency, non-linear properties, fabricated sensors sensitivity, and other parameters. Being rather special, nanostructured fibers require new, unconventional solutions on the materials used, fabrication, and characterization techniques, limiting the use of these novel materials. This work overviews practical aspects and progress in the fabrication and characterization methods of the particle-containing glasses with particular attention to nanostructured fibers made of these materials. A review of the recent achievements shows that current technologies allow producing high-optical quality PCG-fibers of different types, and the unique optical properties of these nanostructured fibers make them prospective for applications in lasers, optical communications, medicine, lighting, and other areas of science and industry.Made of glass, optical fibers inherited all positive and negative properties of this material. Glasses are easy and inexpensive to produce on any scale and in any shape, they can possess high chemical stability and mechanical strength, and have high transparency. However, they could hardly compete, for example, with crystalline materials in thermal conductivity, or rare-earth elements' absorption, emission cross-sections, and available transparency range. Recent advances in glass science showed that properties of this material can be significantly improved if some additional phases are formed or impregnated in the glass. In particular, advances have been achieved in the development of particle-containing glasses: glass-ceramic materials, glasses doped with metallic nanoparticles, and phase-separated glasses. To date, these particle-containing glasses have become quite common and actively used in case of the bulk materials, but are still rather new for fiber optics.The purpose of this review is to summarize recent advances in the fabrication of structured fibers made of particle-containing glasses, their potential benefits, their actual properties, and their potential applications. The review covers three types of particle-containing glasses (PCG): crystalline dielectric particles, i.e., glass-ceramics; metallic nanoparticles (MeNPs); and dielectric amorphous particles, i.e., phase-separated glasses.First, we consider properties of the PCG bulk materials, their potenti...

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Fiber‐draw‐induced elongation and break‐up of particles inside the core of a silica‐based optical fiber

Cited by 44 publications

References 24 publications

On the morphologies of oxides particles in optical fibers: Effect of the drawing tension and composition

On the morphologies of oxides particles in optical fibers: Effect of the drawing tension and composition

On the Enlargement of the Emission Spectra from the 4I13/2 Level of Er3+ in Silica-Based Optical Fibers through Lanthanum or Magnesium Co-Doping

Nano-Structured Optical Fibers Made of Glass-Ceramics, and Phase Separated and Metallic Particle-Containing Glasses

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