Fiber/Fabric‐Based Piezoelectric and Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Flexible/Stretchable and Wearable Electronics and Artificial Intelligence

Abstract

fields is breaking out, such as the Internet of Things (IoTs), big data, humanoid robotics, and artificial intelligence (AI). Nowadays, the rapid advancement of these functional electronic devices is transforming the way people communicate with each other and with their surroundings, which has integrated our world into an intelligent information network. Owing to that no electronics works without electricity, the processes of human informatization and intelligence depend on broad energy supplies and powerful power supports. In other words, electric power can be regarded as the flowing blood that keeps every components of the current society running normally and healthily. However, with the rapid consumption of conventional fossil fuels as well as the growing voice of environmental protection, the current energy structure and its supply status are facing unprecedented challenges. On the one hand, the overwhelming energy crisis and ecological deterioration have become huge bottlenecks restricting socioeconomic development.[1] Some serious situations may even worsen to the root of interstate interest conflicts or the disaster that threatens the survival of mankind. In this case, the transform of energy structure from scarce, pollution-prone, and irreproducible mineral resources to abundant, environmentally friendly, and renewable green energies is desperately required. On the other hand, the traditional centralized, immobile, and ordered energy supply patterns based on power plants are incompatible with the present development of functional electronics associated with individual person, which follows a general trend of miniaturization, portability, and low power. As the information age is coming, billions of things must be connected with sensors for various measurements, perceptions, controls, and data transmissions. [2] These mobile, human-oriented, randomly and massively distributed sensing networks also require the corresponding matched power supply system. Therefore, it turns out that the unreasonable energy structures as well as the mismatched supply pattern lead to the current development dilemma.Portable power supplies and self-powered systems are the most promising solutions for the above straits. For wearable power sources, one of the compromises is to choose small-size Integration of advanced nanogenerator technology with conventional textile processes fosters the emergence of textile-based nanogenerators (NGs), which will inevitably promote the rapid development and widespread applications of next-generation wearable electronics and multifaceted artificial intelligence systems. NGs endow smart textiles with mechanical energy harvesting and multifunctional self-powered sensing capabilities, while textiles provide a versatile flexible design carrier and extensive wearable application platform for their development. However, due to the lack of an effective interactive platform and communication channel between researchers specializing in NGs and those good at textiles, it is rather difficult to achieve fiber...

A Machine‐Fabricated 3D Honeycomb‐Structured Flame‐Retardant Triboelectric Fabric for Fire Escape and Rescue

“…[ 18 ] However, the recently reported fiber (yarn)‐shaped TENG usually has a short length, hefty diameter, and uneven fineness, which are inappropriate for fabric processing technology and directly affect the efficiency of weaving and fabric styles. [ 19 ] Furthermore, the research on F‐TENG which has special functionalities such as flame‐retardant performance, noise‐reduction ability, and better permeability is still lacking. Therefore, manipulation of the yarn spinning protocol to obtain yarns with even fineness and small diameter as well as design of fabric structure will be very significant for functional F‐TENGs.…”

Mechanically and Electronically Robust Transparent Organohydrogel Fibers

“…[2] In contrast, porous and breathable fabric electronics can be worn for a long time without causing skin discomfort. Accordingly, supercapacitors, [3] batteries, [4] triboelectric nanogenerators, [5] smart textiles, [6] and heaters [7] have been developed based on conductive fibers or conductive textiles.However, most conductive fibers are based on the transmission of electrons. Electron-conductive solid fibers prepared by doping conductive materials into fibers may significantly change the Young's moduli and reduce their stretchability and transparency.…”

Recent progress on flexible nanogenerators toward self‐powered systems

“…[11][12][13] Recently, soft, and skin-integrated electronics, sometime also known as "epidermal electronics" have been of great interest due to their flexibility, stretchability, and lightweight. [14][15][16][17] In the past several years, integration of functional materials into a flexible platform has become a hot research topic. [18][19][20][21] Owning to the advances in materials science and mechanics, construction of piezoelectric materials in flexible and stretchable formats provides the foundations for numerous applications in wearable and implantable systems.…”