Fiber‐matrix interface studies on bioabsorbable composite materials for internal fixation of bone fractures. I. Raw material evaluation and measurement of fiber—matrix interfacial adhesion

Slivka, Michael A.; Chu, C. C.; Adisaputro, Ida A.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(19970915)36:4<469::aid-jbm4>3.3.co;2-5

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…5). All of the scaffolds showed excellent mechanical properties similar to or exceeding cartilage (0.75-1 MPa) and subchondral bone (30-50 Mpa) [32][33][34][35][36] in human osteochondral tissue. Under compressive loading, the bi-phasic key models with both small and large features have the highest modulus when compared with the homogeneous controls and the bi-phasic models, with increases of 27% and 19% (control and biphasic models) among the large pore scaffolds, and with increases of 20% and 64% among the small pore models.…”

Section: Statisticssupporting

confidence: 93%

Development of Novel Three-Dimensional Printed Scaffolds for Osteochondral Regeneration

Holmes

Zhu

et al. 2015

Tissue Engineering Part A

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As modern medicine advances, various methodologies are being explored and developed in order to treat severe osteochondral defects in joints. However, it is still very challenging to cure the osteochondral defects due to their poor inherent regenerative capacity, complex stratified architecture, and disparate biomechanical properties. The objective of this study is to create novel three-dimensional (3D) printed osteochondral scaffolds with both excellent interfacial mechanical properties and biocompatibility for facilitating human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) growth and chondrogenic differentiation. For this purpose, we designed and 3D printed a series of innovative bi-phasic 3D models that mimic the osteochondral region of articulate joints. Our mechanical testing results showed that our bi-phasic scaffolds with key structures have enhanced mechanical characteristics in compression (a maximum Young's modulus of 31 MPa) and shear (a maximum fracture strength of 5768 N/mm 2 ) when compared with homogenous designs. These results are also correlated with numerical simulation. In order to improve their biocompatibility, the scaffolds' surfaces were further modified with acetylated collagen (one of the main components in osteochondral extracellular matrix). MSC proliferation results demonstrated that incorporation of a collagen, along with biomimetically designed micro-features, can greatly enhance MSC growth after 5 days in vitro. Two weeks' chondrogenic differentiation results showed that our novel scaffolds (dubbed ''key'' scaffolds), both with and without surface collagen modification, displayed enhanced chondrogenesis (e.g., 130%, 114%, and 236% increases in glycosaminoglycan, type II collagen deposition, and total protein content on collagen-modified key scaffolds when compared with homogeneous controls).

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Section: Statisticssupporting

confidence: 93%

Development of Novel Three-Dimensional Printed Scaffolds for Osteochondral Regeneration

Holmes

Zhu

et al. 2015

Tissue Engineering Part A

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“…This is well supported by the pH profiles as they indicated significant fibre degradation occurred from day 11 to day 15. The degradation profile of PLLA composites with different types of fibres within PBS were studied by Slivka et al [24]. They reported that an increasing interfacial gap was seen during 30 days of immersion using a laser confocal microscope, which confirmed that interface degradation had occurred during the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The fibres within the composite samples were exposed at the edges and hence the fibre/matrix interfaces were directly exposed to the aqueous environment during immersion, where wicking effects could occur and are known to be responsible for the increase of media uptake in the composites [24]. It was also seen that the amount of media absorbed by composites increased with higher Vf, which was as ascribed to the increase in the amount of interfacial area with increasing Vf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

In-situ polymerisation of fully bioresorbable polycaprolactone/phosphate glass fibre composites: In vitro degradation and mechanical properties

Chen

Parsons

Felfel

et al. 2016

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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Fully bioresorbable composites have been investigated in order to replace metal implant plates used for hard tissue repair. Retention of the composite mechanical properties within a physiological environment has been shown to be significantly affected due to loss of the integrity of the fibre/matrix interface. This study investigated phosphate based glass fibre (PGF) reinforced polycaprolactone (PCL) composites with 20%, 35% and 50% fibre volume fractions (Vf) manufactured via an in-situ polymerisation (ISP) process and a conventional laminate stacking (LS) followed by compression moulding. Reinforcing efficiency between the LS and ISP manufacturing process was compared, and the ISP composites revealed significant improvements in mechanical properties when compared to LS composites. The degradation profiles and mechanical properties were monitored in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at 37°C for 28 days. ISP composites revealed significantly less media uptake and mass loss (p<0.001) throughout the degradation period. The initial flexural properties of ISP composites were substantially higher (p<0.0001) than those of the LS composites, which showed that the ISP manufacturing process provided a significantly enhanced reinforcement effect than the LS process. During the degradation study, statistically higher flexural property retention profiles were also seen for the ISP composites compared to LS composites. SEM micrographs of fracture surfaces for the LS composites revealed dry fibre bundles and poor fibre dispersion with polymer rich zones, which indicated poor interfacial bonding, distribution and adhesion. In contrast, evenly distributed fibres without dry fibre bundles or polymer rich zones, were clearly observed for the ISP composite samples, which showed that a superior fibre/matrix interface was achieved with highly improved adhesion.

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“…The mechanical properties obtained for the phosphate glass fibers investigated in this study were comparable to properties from a study previously conducted, which also reported on values from the literature. 17 Slivka et al 18 also investigated the mechanical properties for a quaternary PBG fiber containing Fe 2 O 3 and properties quoted for strength were 513 MPa, with a modulus of 42 GPa. The values obtained for the fibers investigated in this study correlated well with those mentioned above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retention of mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of a phosphate‐based glass fiber/polylactic acid composite

et al. 2008

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Polymers prepared from polylactic acid (PLA) have found a multitude of uses as medical devices. The main advantage of having a material that degrades is so that an implant would not necessitate a second surgical event for removal. In addition, the biodegradation may offer other advantages. In this study, fibers produced from a quaternary phosphate-based glass (PBG) in the system 50P(2)O(5)-40CaO-5Na(2)O-5Fe(2)O(3) (nontreated and heat-treated) were used to reinforce the biodegradable polymer, PLA. Fiber properties were investigated, along with the mechanical and degradation properties and cytocompatibility of the composites produced. Retention of mechanical properties overtime was also evaluated. The mean fiber strength for the phosphate glass fibers was 456 MPa with a modulus value of 51.5 GPa. Weibull analysis revealed a shape and scale parameter value of 3.37 and 508, respectively. The flexural strength of the composites matched that for cortical bone; however, the modulus values were lower than those required for cortical bone. After 6 weeks of degradation in deionized water, 50% of the strength values obtained was maintained. The composite degradation properties revealed a 14% mass loss for the nontreated and a 10% mass loss for the heat-treated fiber composites. It was also seen that by heat-treating the fibers, chemical and physical degradation occurred much slower. The pH profiles also revealed that nontreated fibers degraded quicker, thus correlating well with the degradation profiles. The in vitro cell culture experiments revealed both PLA (alone) and the heat-treated fiber composites maintained higher cell viability as compared to the nontreated fiber composites. This was attributed to the slower degradation release profiles of the heat-treated composites as compared to the nontreated fiber composites. SEM analyses revealed a porous structure after degradation, and it is clear that there are possibilities here to tailor the distribution of porosity within polymer matrices.

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Fiber‐matrix interface studies on bioabsorbable composite materials for internal fixation of bone fractures. I. Raw material evaluation and measurement of fiber—matrix interfacial adhesion

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Development of Novel Three-Dimensional Printed Scaffolds for Osteochondral Regeneration

Development of Novel Three-Dimensional Printed Scaffolds for Osteochondral Regeneration

In-situ polymerisation of fully bioresorbable polycaprolactone/phosphate glass fibre composites: In vitro degradation and mechanical properties

Retention of mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of a phosphate‐based glass fiber/polylactic acid composite

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