Fiber-optic monitoring of evaporation-induced axial strain of sandstone under ambient laboratory conditions

Sun, Yan Quan; Qi, Li; Fan, Chengkai; Yang, Duoxing; Li, Xiaochun; An, Sun

doi:10.1007/s12665-017-6706-6

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Among various DFOS technologies, Brillouin optical time‐domain reflectometry (BOTDR), optical time‐domain reflectometry (OTDR), and optical frequency domain reflectometry are frequently used to simultaneously measure parameters including strain, temperature, and pressure along the entire fiber length (Kogure & Okuda, ; Luca Schenato, ). Both are superior to other optical sensors, such as quasi‐distributed fiber Bragg grating (FBG) that is used for local measurement and Raman‐based distributed temperature sensing (DTS) that is used only for temperature (Arnon et al, ; Sun et al, ; Sun et al, ;Sun et al, ; Tyler et al, ). Although the DTS system was marketed during the 1980s (Dakin et al, ; Kurashima et al, ) and is used for well monitoring (Bakku et al, ; Duguid et al, ), it is still insufficient to view complex fluid behaviors by solely relying on temperature sensing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing System for Well‐Based Monitoring Water Injection Tests—A Geomechanical Responses Perspective

Sun

Xue

Hashimoto

et al. 2020

Water Resources Research

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In this study, distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) based on hybrid Brillouin-Rayleigh backscattering is examined for the first time in well-based monitoring distributed profiles of geomechanical deformation induced by water injection. Field water injection tests are conducted under different injection scenarios between an injection well (230 m, IW #2) and 5.5 m away from a fibered monitoring well (300 m, MW #1) by deploying cables behind the casing at Mobara, Japan. Effects of injection rate, pressure, and lithological heterogeneity on the geomechanical deformation are quantitatively monitored via a DFOS approach and indicate that induced strains significantly depend on injection rate and pressure. The results also indicate that DFOS results are reasonably consistent with simultaneous geophysical well logging data and corresponding numerical simulation. The extent of impacted areas and magnitude of near-wellbore strains are explored to evaluate formation heterogeneity and fluid migration behaviors. The field testing of hybrid DFOS technology is expected to definitely advance elaborate monitoring and wider applications, such as CO 2 geosequestration sites.Plain Language Summary Geological CO 2 storage (GCS) in deep saline aquifers is broadly recognized as possessing the potential to play a key role in mitigating anthropogenic climate change. Valid monitoring methods are important to characterize the spatial distribution of sequestered CO 2 in underground reservoirs. In the study, hybrid Brillouin-Rayleigh scattering based on high-resolution distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) as an advanced monitoring tool to measure the distribution of temperature or strain is deployed behind casing to a depth of 300 m in an actual field of MW #1 to detect the vertical profile of strain changes at various locations along the entire cable length. Water injection tests are implemented to inject water from adjacent injection well, IW #2 (approximately 5.5 m distance) toward the fibered MW #1. Results indicate that the impacted zones induced by water injection are expanded to the vertical formations near the fibered well, thereby assessing overlying and overlying sealing. Additionally, the induced strain magnitude and state are largely associated with the injection rate, pressure, and formation heterogeneity compare well with the results of well logging and numerical modeling. The DFOS-based downhole monitoring technology can capture continuous depth-based geomechanical deformation, which can serve as a valid indicator to track the migration of injected fluids and act as an early warning for potential fluid leakage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing System for Well‐Based Monitoring Water Injection Tests—A Geomechanical Responses Perspective

Sun

Xue

Hashimoto

et al. 2020

Water Resources Research

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“…Yang et al (2017) presented a numerical simulation of rock salt dissolution in dynamic water environments. Sun et al (2017) carried out a fiber-optic monitoring of evaporation-induced axial strain of sandstone under ambient laboratory conditions. Jia et al (2017) combined a connected-component labeling algorithm with FILTERSIM to simulate continuous discrete fracture networks.…”

Section: Methodological Aspects Process Models and Geothermal Data Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and perspectives of geothermal energy studies in China: from shallow to deep systems

et al. 2018

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“…Many researchers adopt the k value of 0.78, which is acceptable [ 20 , 34 ]. Nevertheless, some SMF may contain impurities; thus, it is good to determined k based on the available SMF.…”

Section: Principle Calibration and Packaging Of Fbg For Strain Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface-Mounted Bare and Packaged Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors for Measuring Rock Strain in Uniaxial Testing

Isah

Mohamad

2021

Sensors

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The paper explores the possibility of using high-resolution fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing technology for on-specimen strain measurement in the laboratory. The approach provides a means to assess the surface deformation of the specimen, both the axial and radial, through a chain of FBG sensor (C-FBG), in a basic setup of a uniaxial compression test. The method is cost-effective, straightforward and can be commercialized. Two C-FBG; one was applied directly to the sample (FBGBare), and the other was packaged (FBGPack) for ease of application. The approach measures the local strain with high-resolution and accuracy levels that match up to the existing local strain measuring sensors. The approach enables the evaluation of small-strain properties of the specimen intelligently. The finite element model analysis deployed has proven the adaptability of the technique for measuring material deformation. The adhesive thickness and packaging technique have been shown to influence the sensitivity of the FBG sensors. Owing to the relative ease and low-cost of instrumentation, the suggested method has a great potential to be routinely applied for elemental testing in the laboratory.

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Fiber-optic monitoring of evaporation-induced axial strain of sandstone under ambient laboratory conditions

Cited by 15 publications

References 40 publications

Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing System for Well‐Based Monitoring Water Injection Tests—A Geomechanical Responses Perspective

Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing System for Well‐Based Monitoring Water Injection Tests—A Geomechanical Responses Perspective

Progress and perspectives of geothermal energy studies in China: from shallow to deep systems

Surface-Mounted Bare and Packaged Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors for Measuring Rock Strain in Uniaxial Testing

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