Fiber-reinforced cellulosic thermoplastic composites

Glasser, Wolfgang G.; Taib, R. Mat; Jain, Rajesh Kumar; Kander, Ronald G.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19990815)73:7<1329::aid-app26>3.3.co;2-h

Cited by 43 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…Acetylation of cellulose reduces its hydrophilicity [30] and should therefore improve compatibility with CAB. Significantly improved mechanical properties of CAB reinforced with wood pulp fibres were achieved after acetylation of the wood fibres [31], but acetylation of regenerated cellulose fibres (Lyocell) did not significantly affect the mechanical properties of Lyocell-CAB composites [32]. Using bacterial cellulose microcrystals prepared by acid hydrolysis [33] a reduction of the hydrophilicity of cellulose by trimethylsilation did not improve the mechanical properties of CAB composites, in fact, unmodified cellulose crystals exhibited better reinforcement characteristics than trimethylsilated crystals.…”

Section: Discussion and Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile properties of cellulose acetate butyrate composites reinforced with bacterial cellulose

Gindl

Keckes

2004

Composites Science and Technology

143

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Section: Discussion and Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile properties of cellulose acetate butyrate composites reinforced with bacterial cellulose

Gindl

Keckes

2004

Composites Science and Technology

143

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“…After steam explosion, a modified method developed by (Glasser et al 1999) was followed to remove lignin and water soluble materials. Steam exploded wood was first extracted with water at 60°C for 24 h and then extracted with 20% (based on fiber solids weight) aqueous alkali using an 8:1 liquor-to fiber ratio at 60°C for 30 min.…”

Section: Fiber Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While it is possible to influence the thermal stability of lignocellulosic fibers with chemical modification, such as acetylation (Glasser et al 1999;Herdle and Griggs 1965), currently there have been a minimal number of alternatives to address the thermal performance of biobased materials. To that end, adding silicates has shown to be a productive method of improving the thermal response of composite materials (Giannelis 1996;Shanmuganathan et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocomposite-based lignocellulosic fibers 1. Thermal stability of modified fibers with clay-polyelectrolyte multilayers

2007

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The layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly process of creating highly structured thin films derived from layers of polyelectrolytes and nanoparticles was adopted in this study to modify the surface of lignocellulosic fibers. Aqueous dispersions of clay nanoplatelets were created with ultrasonication and characterized with dynamic light scattering and atomic force microscopy in which confirmed the presence of individual clay nanoplatelets. Film thickness of never-dried clay and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) multilayers was studied with a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). Using identical LbL deposition parameters, a slurry of steamexploded wood fibers was modified by alternate adsorption of PDDA and clay with multiple rinsing steps after each adsorption cycle. Zeta potential measurements were used to characterize the fiber surface charges after each adsorption step while SEM images revealed that the LbL film masked the cellulose microfibril structure. Using a thermogravimetric analyzer, LbL modified steam-exploded wood fibers were observed to attain increased thermal stability relative to the unmodified material tested in both air and nitrogen atmospheres. Significant char for the LbL clay coated steam-exploded wood suggests the multilayer film serves as a barrier creating an insulating layer to prevent further decomposition of the material. This nanotechnology may have a positive impact on the processing of lignocellulosic fibers in thermoplastic matrices, designing of paper-based overlays for building products, and modification of cellulosic fibers for textiles.

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“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Numerous reasons support this Summary: A lignocellulosic flour was obtained by grinding dried cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica. It was used as low cost natural filler in PP and the effect of the treatment of the filler with MAPP was also investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignocellulosic Flour from Cladodes of Opuntia ficus‐indica Reinforced Poly(propylene) Composites

Malainine

Mahrouz

Dufresne

2004

Macro Materials & Eng

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Summary: A lignocellulosic flour was obtained by grinding dried cladodes of Opuntia ficus‐indica. It was used as low cost natural filler in PP and the effect of the treatment of the filler with MAPP was also investigated. The morphology and thermal properties of these composites were evaluated by SEM and DSC, respectively. MAPP coating resulted in a better adhesion between the filler and the matrix and higher homogeneity of the material. A decrease of the degree of crystallinity of the PP matrix in presence of the untreated filler was observed. Dynamic mechanical analysis and tensile properties were also studied. High‐strain tensile properties display enhanced mechanical properties for MAPP treated‐based composites only. When conditioned in highly moist atmosphere (98% RH), both the water uptake and water diffusion coefficient decrease when the filler was treated. These effects were ascribed to the promoting interfacial adhesion induced by the coating treatment. In liquid water, this increased adhesion between the filler and the matrix results in a higher weight loss of the material. It is due to the removal of the grafted polymer from the material during the dissolution of part of the filler.SEMs of freshly fractured surface for a PP film filled with 10 wt.‐% of MAPP treated OFI cladode (top) and calcium oxalate crystallite within the PP matrix for a 3 wt.‐% filled composite (bottom).magnified imageSEMs of freshly fractured surface for a PP film filled with 10 wt.‐% of MAPP treated OFI cladode (top) and calcium oxalate crystallite within the PP matrix for a 3 wt.‐% filled composite (bottom).

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Fiber-reinforced cellulosic thermoplastic composites

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Tensile properties of cellulose acetate butyrate composites reinforced with bacterial cellulose

Tensile properties of cellulose acetate butyrate composites reinforced with bacterial cellulose

Nanocomposite-based lignocellulosic fibers 1. Thermal stability of modified fibers with clay-polyelectrolyte multilayers

Lignocellulosic Flour from Cladodes of Opuntia ficus‐indica Reinforced Poly(propylene) Composites

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