Fibre laser treatment of martensitic NiTi alloys for load-bearing implant applications: Effects of surface chemistry on inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation

Chan, Chi-Wai; Carson, Louise; Smith, Graham C.

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.06.015

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…(iii) Thirdly, removal of residual organic contaminants, as indicated by the reduced proportion of both oxygen-bonded and carbon-bonded species in the oxide film, which could be acting as potential sources to attract bacteria to attach on surfaces via non-covalent interactions [39]. The phenomenon of laser treatment helps reduce overall levels of organic surface contaminants, as reported elsewhere [16,36]. This can be due to rapid vaporisation of more volatile species under the sudden input of energy from the laser, or, possibly, more adherent contaminants are buried as the locally-melted metal re-solidifies after laser treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This can be attributed to the consequence of melt pool dynamics at the liquid/solid boundary (or melt pool/heat affected zone (HAF) boundary) during the laser re-melting process [35]. It is known that the micro-ripple surface (as seen in Figure 2A) results from oscillation of the liquid metal due to the Marangoni convection and hydrodynamic processes driven by thermocapillary motion acting on the melt pools [36,37]. The black marks seen in Figure 2A(a-d) could be due to contamination from the material handling process, although further in-depth analysis is required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the authors' recent study [16,36], bacteria were found to be insensitive to the micro-sized surface features, namely micro-ripples in the laser tracks [36], while the response of bacteria was very much dictated by the nano-sized features, i.e., nano-spiky features are effective to inhibit bacterial attachment and to kill the bacteria that attached [16]. Similarly, Puckett et al found that certain nanometre sized titanium topographies may be useful for reducing bacteria adhesion while promoting bone tissue formation [58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fibre Laser Treatment of Beta TNZT Titanium Alloys for Load-Bearing Implant Applications: Effects of Surface Physical and Chemical Features on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Response and Staphylococcus aureus Bacterial Attachment

et al. 2019

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A mismatch in bone and implant elastic modulus can lead to aseptic loosening and ultimately implant failure. Selective elemental composition of titanium (Ti) alloys coupled with surface treatment can be used to improve osseointegration and reduce bacterial adhesion. The biocompatibility and antibacterial properties of Ti-35Nb-7Zr-6Ta (TNZT) using fibre laser surface treatment were assessed in this work, due to its excellent material properties (low Young’s modulus and non-toxicity) and the promising attributes of fibre laser treatment (very fast, non-contact, clean and only causes changes in surface without altering the bulk composition/microstructure). The TNZT surfaces in this study were treated in a high speed regime, specifically 100 and 200 mm/s, (or 6 and 12 m/min). Surface roughness and topography (WLI and SEM), chemical composition (SEM-EDX), microstructure (XRD) and chemistry (XPS) were investigated. The biocompatibility of the laser treated surfaces was evaluated using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultured in vitro at various time points to assess cell attachment (6, 24 and 48 h), proliferation (3, 7 and 14 days) and differentiation (7, 14 and 21 days). Antibacterial performance was also evaluated using Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Live/Dead staining. Sample groups included untreated base metal (BM), laser treated at 100 mm/s (LT100) and 200 mm/s (LT200). The results demonstrated that laser surface treatment creates a rougher (Ra value of BM is 199 nm, LT100 is 256 nm and LT200 is 232 nm), spiky surface (Rsk > 0 and Rku > 3) with homogenous elemental distribution and decreasing peak-to-peak distance between ripples (0.63 to 0.315 µm) as the scanning speed increases (p < 0.05), generating a surface with distinct micron and nano scale features. The improvement in cell spreading, formation of bone-like nodules (only seen on the laser treated samples) and subsequent four-fold reduction in bacterial attachment (p < 0.001) can be attributed to the features created through fibre laser treatment, making it an excellent choice for load bearing implant applications. Last but not least, the presence of TiN in the outermost surface oxide might also account for the improved biocompatibility and antibacterial performances of TNZT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fibre Laser Treatment of Beta TNZT Titanium Alloys for Load-Bearing Implant Applications: Effects of Surface Physical and Chemical Features on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Response and Staphylococcus aureus Bacterial Attachment

et al. 2019

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“…Surface properties of Ti implants are known as key factors for biofilm formation [14]. Indeed, surface chemistry and functional groups on the surface also influence bacterial adhesion [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, surface chemistry and functional groups on the surface also influence bacterial adhesion [15]. Decreased bacterial colonization on TiO 2 coatings is observed even though these surfaces promote osteoblast adhesion and differentiation [14]. Various surface modification methods such as plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) [16], chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [17], thermal annealing [18], and sol-gel [19] have been applied to prevent biofilm formation on the Ti implants surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced surface treatment techniques counteract biofilm-associated infections on dental implants

Koopaie

Bordbar‐Khiabani

Kolahdooz

et al. 2020

Mater. Res. Express

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Topography and surface chemistry can significantly affect biofilm formation on dental implants. Recently, the γ-TiAl alloy was considered as the most reliable candidates for the preparation of dental implants because of its excellent mechanical strength, chemical stability and biocompatibility. The emphasis of this study lies in the effects of high-speed milling assisted the minimum quantity of lubrication (HSM-MQL), micro-current wire electrical discharge machining (mWEDM), Er,Cr:YSGG laser and sandblasting/largegrit/acid-etching (SLA) treatments on surface morphology, topography, chemical composition, wettability and biofilm-associated infections on the surface of each group. The surface-treated samples were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), SEM surface reconstruction, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and water contact angle measuring system. SEM and topography images of mWEDM and laser-treated surfaces showed more irregular surfaces compared to SLA and HSM-MQL surfaces. Results showed that mWEDM and laser-treated surfaces revealed hydrophobic behavior. A significant decrease of biofilm formation was observed on mWEDM treated surface due to the hydrophobicity and existence of the copper element in the recast layer chemical composition. Moreover, EDS confirmed that the zirconium, silicon, and fluorine elements were decorated onto the SLA treated γ-TiAl surface that can have a direct effect on the anti-bacterial activity.

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Role of Heat Treatment on the Fabrication and Electrochemical Property of Ordered TiO2 Nanotubular Layer on the As-Cast NiTi

2018

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Fibre laser treatment of martensitic NiTi alloys for load-bearing implant applications: Effects of surface chemistry on inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation

Abstract: Fibre laser treatment of martensitic NiTi alloys for load-bearing implant applications: Effects of surface chemistry on inhibiting the Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation. Sct (2017),

Cited by 11 publications

References 59 publications

Fibre Laser Treatment of Beta TNZT Titanium Alloys for Load-Bearing Implant Applications: Effects of Surface Physical and Chemical Features on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Response and Staphylococcus aureus Bacterial Attachment

Fibre Laser Treatment of Beta TNZT Titanium Alloys for Load-Bearing Implant Applications: Effects of Surface Physical and Chemical Features on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Response and Staphylococcus aureus Bacterial Attachment

Advanced surface treatment techniques counteract biofilm-associated infections on dental implants

Role of Heat Treatment on the Fabrication and Electrochemical Property of Ordered TiO2 Nanotubular Layer on the As-Cast NiTi

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