Fibre nonlinearities in optical communications

Cotter, D.

doi:10.1007/bf02030624

Cited by 32 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Various nonlinear optical effects occur when intense picosecond light pulses pass through optical fibres [4,5,28,29]. In the following, the relevant linear and nonlinear parameters are introduced and the nonlinear optical processes of self-phase modulation, stimulated Raman scattering, cross-phase modulation, parametric four-photon interaction, and self-focusing are described shortly and applied to interpret the experimental results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral broadening of picosecond laser pulses in optical fibres

Weidner

Penzkofer

1993

Opt Quant Electron

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Picosecond light pulses of a passively mode-locked ruby laser (pulse duration At L « 35 ps) are spectrally broadened in optical fibres of core diameters from 4//m to 600j/m. Combining the effects of self-phase modulation, stimulated Raman scattering, and parametric four-photon interaction in an 8-/im core fibre of 4 m length with the effect of selective spectral attenuation in a ruby rod resulted in rather smooth spectra extending from 685 nm to 830 nm (spectral width « 2300cm" 1 ).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral broadening of picosecond laser pulses in optical fibres

Weidner

Penzkofer

1993

Opt Quant Electron

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“…These general features are in agreement with the findings of others. 5 The threshold power for SBS can be estimated from small signal theory of stimulated scattering and is given as 5 GL?«21, where G is the SBS gain factor and, for a pump-laser linewidth Av/. much less than the Brillouin scattering linewidth Av B (Avfl -145 MHz at 514 nm), is given as where AT is a constant depending upon the physical and optical properties of the fiber and A is the effective cross-sectional area of the guided mode.…”

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confidence: 97%

Evidence of chaotic stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical fibers

et al. 1990

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We report first evidence in support of chaotic stimulated Brillouin scattering under cw pump conditions involving a single Stokes and pump signal. A single-mode optical fiber is used as the nonlinear medium. The inclusion of external optical feedback modifies the form of the chaotic dynamics and results in a rich variety of classifiable precursor dynamical features. PACS numbers: 42.65.Es, 05.45.+b, 42.10.Hc, Pulsating instabilities and chaos are of current interest throughout physics and, in particular, quantum optics. While observations of these phenomena are now extensive in systems with external optical feedback, notably lasers, 1 passive bistable systems, 2 and to a lesser extent systems with counterpropagating pump beams, 3 there are few if any reports 4 of such behavior in nonlinear processes for which this restriction is lifted. In this paper we consider stimulated scattering phenomena and provide, to our knowledge, first evidence indicative of chaotic dynamics in one of these basic processes, namely, stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS). A single-mode optical fiber is used to generate SBS under cw singlemode pump conditions, 5 resulting in first-order Stokes emission only. We find both the transmitted pump and backscattered SBS to exhibit chaotic behavior under all operating conditions investigated, including those close to the threshold for SBS; the SBS exhibits massive instabilities with modulation depths -100%.The few reports to date, mainly theoretical, on the dynamics 6 " 14 of SBS principally concern the generation of instabilities, usually limit-cycle behavior, through more complex interactions involving either more than one pump beam, 12,13 external cavity feedback, 9 " 11 and/or higher-order Stokes-anti-Stokes generation. 12 Experimental findings, often in regard to plasma interaction, 10,12 have been constrained to short-pump-pulse exciposing limitations to quantitative statements tation, 7,10,13 of long-term dynamical behavior; an exception being the observation of limit-cycle behavior in fibers with external optical feedback.'' Of the theoretical contributions, an exception is the analytical findings of Blaha et al. ,4 providing evidence of unstable behavior in SBS involving a single pump and Stokes signal in a semi-infinite medium. Our experimental arrangement is schematically shown in Fig. 1. The cw emission of a single-mode argon-ion laser at 514.5 nm, with an instantaneous (:<1 msec) linewidth of -15 kHz (Coherent Innova 100) was used as a pump source providing variable output power stabilized to ±2%. Two 10 x microscope objectives L\ and Li, were used to couple the light into and out of the optical fiber, respectively. The fiber comprised a pure SiC>2 core of diameter 4.8 /xm with a B2C>3-doped SiC>2 cladding. It was optically isolated from the argon laser using a Faraday isolator (OFR Model IO-5-532) giving an isolation factor of 35 dB between them. The pump signal and backscattered signal, comprising the SBS signal together with residual scatter, were sampled via the beam splitter in ...

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“…In the calculations, realistic system parameters have been assumed: 6-dB amplifier noise figure, 0.25 dB/km fiber loss, 80-J-Lm 2 effective area for conventional fiber and 55 J-Lm 2 for dispersion-shifted fiber, 0.5-nm channel spacing, 40-GHz receiver optical bandwidth, and 6 dB of margin at the receiver (SNR ==36). The dotted line is the result of the worst case 35 SNR degradations versus number of channels for a SOOO-km long WDM system obtained with worst case analysis and zero-dispersion fiber (dotted line), statistical analysis and conventional fiber (dashed line) power equalization at amplifiers, and conventional fiber (solid line).…”

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“….......,...,"36 Number of channels versus system length for a O.S-dB SNR degradation with conventional fiber. The dotted line is for the worst case analysis, the dashed line is for the statistical analysis, and the solid line shows the effect of power equalization.…”

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confidence: 99%