Fibre optic confocal imaging (FOCI) of keratinocytes, blood vessels and nerves in hairless mouse skin in vivo

Bussau, Lindsay; Vo, Liem T; Delaney, Peter; Papworth, Glenn D.; Barkla, D. H.; King, Roger G

doi:10.1046/j.1469-7580.1998.19220187.x

Cited by 35 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Fibre optic confocal imaging has been used to visualize a number of tissues in vivo . For example, it has been used to study the microvasculature of the rat colon and vas deferens 29 and the subsurface structure of hairless mouse skin 30 . The technique has also been used by us to visualize the rat liver sinusoidal bed in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the effects of peppermint oil and valerian on rat liver and cultured human liver cells

Chan

King

2003

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of peppermint oil and valerian on rat liver and cultured human hepatoma cells. 2. Rats received a single oral dose of peppermint oil (8.3-830 microL/kg) or valerian (0.31-18.6 g/kg), or daily oral doses of 83 microL/kg peppermint oil or 3.1 g/kg valerian for 28 days. After 24 h, rats were anaesthetized and measurements made of bile flow, liver function and in vivo sinusoidal area. Livers were then removed for histology. 3. Bile flow was unaffected by any treatment, except acute high-dose peppermint oil (830 microL/kg; 70% increase in flow). No change in liver enzyme activity was found, except for a 45% increase in alkaline phosphatase after chronic peppermint oil. No change in sinusoidal area in vivo or in histology was found following any treatment, although pretreatment with carbon tetrachloride reduced sinusoidal bed area and produced histological damage. Incubation of human hepatoma cells with 0.5 microL/mL (but not 0.05 microL/mL) peppermint oil or 20 mg/mL (but not 2 mg/mL) valerian resulted in increased cell death. 4. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated in vitro toxicity of high doses of valerian and peppermint oil in cultured human hepatoma cells and, at doses 2-3 orders of magnitude greater than those recommended for human use, an increase in rat bile flow after acute peppermint oil and an increase in alkaline phosphatase after chronic peppermint oil.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the effects of peppermint oil and valerian on rat liver and cultured human liver cells

Chan

King

2003

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Other locations observed by intravital microscopy include the microcirculation of the skin, lip, gingival tissue and tongue 4 . Laser-scanning confocal imaging is one new technique that does allow reflected light imaging of the microcirculation in vivo 7,8 . This method can distinguish between layers of skin and can image microcirculation in the skin.…”

Section: New Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging: A new method for study of the microcirculation

Groner¹,

Winkelman

Harris³

et al. 1999

Nat Med

715

435

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fig. 1 a, Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging probe. b, Optical schematic of the OPS imaging probe. A typical magnification of ×10 is maintained between the target and its image. This results in a resolution of approximately 1 µm/pixel, which is limited by the dimension of the CCD pixel. The probe can be focused from the target surface to 1.0-mm depth, depending on the type of target and the optics used. In vivo, the typical depth of focus is approximately 0.2 mm. c, Optical density of a graduated gray scale (catalog number 152-7662; Kodak) was measured in the presence of the polarization analyzer (b) or with a 0.5 OD neutral density filter (ć) used in place of the analyzer. Average light intensity for each gray level was converted to OD by the following formula: OD = log 10 ((I m -I d )/(I max -I d )) where I m = measured light intensity, I d = dark light intensity (obtained using a black velvet target), I max = intensity of white target. NEW TECHNOLOGYDifferent disease states, including diabetes, hypertension and coronary heart disease, produce distinctive microvascular pathologies. So far, imaging of the human microcirculation has been limited to vascular beds in which the vessels are visible and close to the surface (for example, nailfold, conjunctiva). We report here on orthogonal polarization spectral (OPS) imaging, a new method for imaging the microcirculation using reflected light that allows imaging of the microcirculation noninvasively through mucus membranes and on the surface of solid organs. In OPS imaging, the tissue is illuminated with linearly polarized light and imaged through a polarizer oriented orthogonal to the plane of the illuminating light. Only depolarized photons scattered in the tissue contribute to the image. The optical response of OPS imaging is linear and can be used for reflection spectrophotometry over the wide range of optical density typically achieved by transmission spectrophotometry. A comparison of fluorescence intravital microscopy with OPS imaging in the hamster demonstrated equivalence in measured physiological parameters under control conditions and after ischemic injury. OPS imaging produced high-contrast microvascular images in people from sublingual sites and the brain surface that appear as in transillumination. The technology can be implemented in a small optical probe, providing a convenient method for intravital microscopy on otherwise inaccessible sites and organs in the awake subject or during surgery for research and for clinical diagnostic applications.At present, the use of microvascular imaging in diagnosis and treatment of human disease is limited. Use has been made of nailfold capillaroscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral vascular diseases, diabetes and hematological disorders 1-3 . Problems with movement have restricted the use of the bulbar conjunctiva for clinical applications in opthalmology 4-6 . Other locations observed by intravital microscopy include the microcirculation of the skin, lip, gingival tissue and tongue 4 . Laser-sca...

show abstract

“…Luciferase-catalysed luciferin light emission, specific chemiluminescent probes and ultra-low-light imaging, and fiber optic confocal imaging in combination with fluorescent probes have been successfully employed [24-26]. …”

Section: The Skin Of Hairless Micementioning

confidence: 99%

The hairless mouse in skin research

Benavides

Oberyszyn

VanBuskirk

et al. 2009

Journal of Dermatological Science

230

231

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary The hairless (Hr) gene encodes a transcriptional co-repressor highly expressed in the mammalian skin. In the mouse, several null and hypomorphic Hr alleles have been identified resulting in hairlessness in homozygous animals, characterized by alopecia developing after a single cycle of relatively normal hair growth. Mutations in the human ortholog have also been associated with congenital alopecia. Although a variety of hairless strains have been developed, outbred SKH1 mice are the most widely used in dermatologic research. These unpigmented and immunocompetent mice allow for ready manipulation of the skin, application of topical agents, and exposure to UVR, as well as easy visualization of the cutaneous response. Wound healing, acute photobiologic responses, and skin carcinogenesis have been extensively studied in SKH1 mice and are well characterized. In addition, tumors induced in these mice resemble, both at the morphologic and molecular levels, UVR-induced skin malignancies in man. Two limitations of the SKH1 mouse in dermatologic research are the relatively uncharacterized genetic background and its outbred status, which precludes inter-individual transplantation studies.

show abstract

Fibre optic confocal imaging (FOCI) of keratinocytes, blood vessels and nerves in hairless mouse skin in vivo

Cited by 35 publications

References 11 publications

Investigation of the effects of peppermint oil and valerian on rat liver and cultured human liver cells

Investigation of the effects of peppermint oil and valerian on rat liver and cultured human liver cells

Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging: A new method for study of the microcirculation

The hairless mouse in skin research

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About