Fibrinogen and cardiovascular disease: Genetics and biomarkers

Tousoulis, Dimitris; Papageorgiou, Nikolaos S.; Androulakis, Emmanuel; Briasoulis, Αlexandros; Antoniades, Charalambos; Stefanadis, Christodoulos

doi:10.1016/j.blre.2011.05.001

Cited by 78 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Fibrinogen is mainly synthesised in the liver, and is a soluble glycoprotein which regulates plasma viscosity, induces reversible red cell aggregation and is the most abundant component of thrombi 16 19. In addition, fibrinogen increases platelet reactivity by binding glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor on the platelet surface 16.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blood pressure, cholesterol, height, weight, waist circumference, smoking and physical activity were measured in each examination using a standardised protocol 16. Interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to obtain information on age, race, socioeconomic measures, diabetes history, cigarette-smoking status, family history and medication used 15…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term change in alcohol-consumption status and variations in fibrinogen levels: the coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA) study

et al. 2013

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ObjectiveTo examine long-term associations between change in alcohol-consumption status and cessation of alcohol use, and fibrinogen levels in a large, young, biracial cohort.DesignAnalysis of covariance models were used to analyse participants within the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (CARDIA) cohort who had fibrinogen and alcohol use data at year 7 (1992–1993; ages 25–37) and year 20 examinations.Setting4 urban US cities.Patients2520 men and women within the CARDIA cohort.Main outcome measures13-year changes in alcohol use related to changes in fibrinogen.ResultsOver 13 years, mean fibrinogen increased by 71 vs 70 mg/dL (p=NS) in black men (BM) versus white men (WM), and 78 vs 68 mg/dL (p<0.05) in black women (BW) versus white women (WW), respectively. Compared with never-drinkers, there were smaller longitudinal increases in fibrinogen for BM, BW and WW (but a larger increase in WM) who became or stayed drinkers, after multivariable adjustment. For BM, WM and WW, fibrinogen increased the most among persons who quit drinking over 13 years (p<0.001 for WM (fibrinogen increase=86.5 (7.1) (mean (SE))), compared with never-drinkers (fibrinogen increase=53.1 (5.4)).ConclusionsIn this young cohort, compared with the participants who never drank, those who became/stayed drinkers had smaller increases, while those who quit drinking had the highest increase in fibrinogen over 13 years of follow-up. The results provide a novel insight into the mechanism for the established protective effect of moderate alcohol intake on cardiovascular disease outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term change in alcohol-consumption status and variations in fibrinogen levels: the coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA) study

et al. 2013

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“…The atheroma is formed by gradual deposition of fat on the arterial wall. Muscle cells produce collagen, elastin and elastase, which stabilize the atheromatous plaque (15,16), and its rupture leads to thromboembolic events.…”

Section: Role Of Lipids In the Physiopathology Of Atherosclerotic Carmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reassessing lipid metabolism and its potentialities in the prediction of cardiovascular risk

Silva

Almeida-Pititto

Ferreira

2015

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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There are numerous particles, enzymes, and mechanisms in the lipid metabolism that are involved in the genesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Given its prevalence in populations and its impact on mortality, it is relevant to review the lipid metabolism as it may potentially provide subsidies to better prediction. This article reviews the importance of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and comments on the potential of novel lipid biomarkers involved in the physiopathology of CVD. The Framingham cohorts proved the role of traditional risk factors (physical inactivity, smoking, blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, plasma glucose) in the prediction of cardiovascular events. However, a significant number of individuals that suffer from a cardiovascular event has few or none of these factors. Such finding indicates the need for new biomarkers able to identify plaques that are more susceptible to rupture. Some of bloodstream biomarkers related to lipid metabolism are modified LDL particles, apolipoprotein AI (apo AI), apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)], cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), subtypes of LDL and HDL particles, and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A 2 (Lp-PLA 2 ). These factors participate in the atherosclerotic process, and are abnormal in individuals at high risk, or in those who suffered from a cardiovascular event. Lp (a) determination is already employed in clinical practice and should be included as a reference parameter for CVD monitoring. Furthermore, there are expectations for wider use of apo B, non-HDL cholesterol and total cholesterol / HDL-C determination to improve cardiovascular risk assessment. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(2):171-80

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“…16 Common variants comprising mostly single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the FGA, FGB, and FGG genes contribute to variations in plasma levels and an increased risk of thrombosis. 17 Mendelian randomization studies that expanded the analysis of genetic determinants of plasma fibrinogen levels from a single common SNP (the most common tested SNP is rs1800790 [−455G>A]) to multiple SNPs and haplotypes in the entire fibrinogen gene cluster demonstrated Summary of the known fibrinogen abnormalities and related phenotypes. Apart from the mendelian autosomal-dominant (AD) and -recessive (AR) disorders, including an autosomal form of renal amyloidosis, that are caused by FGA mutations which confer fibrillogenic properties to the mutated protein, common genetic variants in the fibrinogen gene cluster are associated with increased levels of plasma fibrinogen in cardiovascular diseases (CVD).…”

Section: Fibrinogen: the Genetic Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%