Fibrous Bio-Carbon Foams: A New Material for Lithium-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors with Ultrahigh Integrated Energy/Power Density and Ultralong Cycle Life

Abstract

A naturally fibrous carbon foam is fabricated by employing fish bones as raw materials. Differing to carbon foams in previous reports, numerous unwoven and crosslinked carbon nanofibers were found to construct the whole foam, exhibiting a hierarchical porosity with interconnected channels and multisize pores. In the meantime, on the basis of the rich organic−inorganic components of fish bones, an N-S-P-O codoping was achieved in carbon foams. Benefiting from the synergistic effects of hierarchically porous fibrous foam and multiple heteroatom doping, the as-obtained samples were employed both as anode and cathode materials in lithium ion hybrid supercapacitors (LIHC), which delivered a superior energy density of 131 Wh kg −1 in 0−4.0 V. Significantly, at an impressive power density of 62000 W kg −1 , the energy density of this device can still reach an ultrahigh energy density of 72 Wh kg −1 , which presents a state of the art supercapacitors. More importantly, continuously being charged/discharged at a high current density of 5 A g −1 for 20000 cycles, the LIHC device can still retain a high energy density of 79 Wh kg −1 with 82% retention, demonstrating the promising prospect of heteroatom doped fibrous carbon foam in high-performance hybrid supercapacitors.

Controlled Design of Well‐Dispersed Ultrathin MoS2 Nanosheets inside Hollow Carbon Skeleton: Toward Fast Potassium Storage by Constructing Spacious “Houses” for K Ions

“…Figure a shows the schematic illustration of the charge process for the ED‐MoS 2 @CT//PC PIHC. During the charging process, K + ions are inserted into MoS 2 layer, while FSI − ions are absorbed in the porous carbons . Given the charge match of anode and cathode, the PIHC devices with various mass ratios of anode and cathode are made and tested between 0 and 4.0 V. Figure b and Figure S19 (Supporting Information) show the CV curves of the PIHC devices at different scan rates from 5 to 200 mV s −1 .…”

Porous Carbons Derived from Collagen‐Enriched Biomass: Tailored Design, Synthesis, and Application in Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion

“…Based on this HA‐induced self‐activation method, Liu and co‐workers prepared fibrous CPCs using fish bone as a precursor . The CPC obtained at 900 °C (TBC‐900) showed a hierarchical porosity with a high SSA of 1468 m 2 g −1 and a pore volume of 2.98 cm 3 g −1 .…”

“…By virtue of their good electrical conductivities, controllable nanostructures, large SSAs, and extensive heteroatom doping, CPCs are promising electrode materials for high‐performance LICs . Wang and co‐workers used a cattle bone‐derived porous carbon bulk (HDMPC) as both anode and cathode materials for an LIC ( Figure a1) .…”

“…In addition to high energy and power, the LIC also possessed excellent long‐term cycling stability with 88% capacity retention after 8000 cycles at 2 A g −1 . Inspired by this work, Liu and co‐workers assembled LIC using the tuna bone‐derived porous carbon network (TBC‐900) as both anode and cathode materials . With a wide voltage window of 0–4 V, the assembled TBC‐900||TBC‐900 LIC delivered a high energy density of 131 Wh kg −1 and an impressive power density of 62 kW kg −1 .…”

Nitrogen doped microporous carbon nanospheres derived from chitin nanogels as attractive materials for supercapacitors

“…Carbon materials are promising candidates for supercapacitor electrodes due to their low cost, good conductivity, abundance and long cycle life. 1 The development of carbon materials with a hierarchical porous structure, which facilitates electrolyte-ion transfer and provides a shorter diffusion pathway, is essential for the fabrication of advanced electric double-layer capacitors. [2][3][4] Biomass wastes are attractive renewable resources for porous carbon preparation (leaves, 5 beans shells, 6 cuttlebones, 7 wood, 8 etc.).…”