“…In recent years, more quantitative methods such as the blister test (Jensen, 1991;Jensen and Thouless, 1993), modified indentation tests (de Boer and Gerberich, 1996a,b;Vlassak et al, 1997;Kriese et al, 1999a,b;Begley et al, 2000), the modified scratch test (de Boer et al, 1997), tests using residual stress in the film itself or in an adjacent layer (Bagchi et al, 1994;Bagchi and Evans, 1996;Zhuk et al, 1998;Hay et al, 2001;Buchwalter, 2001;Kinbara et al, 1998), a test using electro-static force (Yang et al, 1997), the four-point flexure test (Dauskardt et al, 1998;Lane et al, 2000) and others (Kamiya et al, 2002;Xie and Sitaraman, 2003;Volinsky et al, 2003) have been proposed. We proposed an evaluation method for initiation criterion of an interface crack due to the free-edge effect on the basis of fracture mechanics, and its validity was examined experimentally (Kitamura et al, 2002(Kitamura et al, , 2003.…”