Field attraction ofBiprorulus bibax Breddin (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) to synthetic aggregation pheromone and (E)-2-hexenal, a pentatomid defense chemical

Abstract

A synthetic blend of the aggregation pheromone [(3R,4S,1'E)-3,4-bis(1'-butenyl)tetrahydro-2-furanol, linalool, farnesol, and nerolidol] of the spined citrus bug,Biprorulus bibax, and the pentatomid defense chemical, (E)-2-hexenal, both attracted adultB. bibax to individual trees in citrus orchards. Lemon trees containing single glass vials with aggregation pheromone or (E)-2-hexenal were colonized by significantly greater numbers of reproductiveB. bibax than unbaited trees. There was no significant difference between the treatments and bug recruitment was not improved by using both treatments.B. bibax did not enter cylinder/funnel traps baited with aggregation pheromone but colonized trees containing the traps. Orange or lemon trees containing aggregation pheromone on orchard perimeters recruited significantly larger populations of emigrating, nonreproductiveB. bibax during fall than untreated trees. Nonreproductive bugs were not attracted to trees containing (E)-2-hexenal. The potential for using these semiochemicals as management tools forB. bibax is discussed.

The chemical volatiles (Semiochemicals) produced by neotropical stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

“…MacLeod et al 1975;Oliver et al 1992;James et al 1996, Brochymena sp. Aldrich et al 1993b, McBrien et al 2001 Table 3.…”

A survey of antennal responses by five species of coniferophagous bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) to bark volatiles of six species of angiosperm trees

“…One possibility is that the avoidance response elicited by the variety of other nonhost volatiles overpowers the minimal attractant response that is elicited by the monoterpenes in a complex odour plume. The other possibility, as hypothesized by Dethier (1982), is that the presence of certain positive factors (monoterpenes) in a nonhost plume actually enhances the beetles' avoidance response, in that rejection of a potential host may depend more on the ratio of positive to negative factors than on the 0 100 ni ni 3-carene 100 ni ni ni 96 Limonene 35 ni ni 100 0 0 b-phellandrene ni ni ni 0 19 20 Frontalin ni ni ni ni nd ni Conophthorin ni 8 1 0 1 2 a IUPAC names given in Table 1 b ni =Not identified in the species; nd = identified but chirality not determined Detection of nonhosts by bark beetles 109 Table 4 Non-exhaustive list of descriptions of the presence and activity of the antennally active nonhost chemicals from this study in a variety of other animal and plant taxa Chemical Description of activity Produced by various Heteroptera (Aldrich et al 1991a;Aldrich et al 1991b;1993;1996;Cassier et al 1994); known (E)-2-Hexenal alarm pheromone component (Leal et al 1994b); defensive secretion, also attractive to bugs (James et al 1996); with anti-fungal activity against an entomopathogenic fungus (Borges et al 1993); a potential epideictic pheromone component for true bugs (Aldrich et al 1995). Active as a nonhost volatile in repelling some ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) (Borden et al 1997) and attractive to some other ambrosia beetles (Deglow & Borden 1998a,b).…”

“…Brophy et al 1994;Guillen & Ibargoitia, 1996) and flowers (Saleh et al 1995). Nerolidol (−)-Enantiomer produced by some Heteroptera (Aldrich et al 1993), utilised by Biprorulus bibax Breddin (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) as an aggregation pheromone component (James et al 1994b(James et al , 1996. Oviposition deterring component in larval frass of Spodoptera littoralis (Anderson et al 1993) Present in volatiles of numerous conifers, common attractant host kairomone for coniferophagous bark beetles (various a-Pinene references in this paper).…”

Field Attraction of the Stink Bug <I>Euschistus conspersus</I> (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) to Synthetic Pheromone-Baited Host Plants

“…Two sizes of clear plastic cylinder-type traps were used in this study. Similar traps have been tested by Aldrich et al (1991) and James et al (1996), for Euschistus spp., and Biprorulus bibax Breddin, respectively. The Þrst trap was a clear plastic cylinder measuring 15 cm in length, with a 12 cm inside diameter, hence designated as the "large tube-trap."…”