Field Deployment of an Ambient Vibration-Based Scour Monitoring System at Baildon Bridge, UK

Kariyawasam, Kkgkd; Fidler, Paul; Talbot, J.P.; Middleton, Campbell

doi:10.1680/icsic.64669.711

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, there are few examples of use of scour monitoring systems, particularly in the UK, a country whose bridges have been affected significantly by scour in recent years [36,37] and where the use of scour sensors is increasing fast. Among these, it is worth mentioning the "BridgeCat technology" [38], consisting of a vehicle featuring a hydraulic arm equipped with a mechanical scanning sonar, a high-resolution camera, and a digital altimeter measuring height off the riverbed (Figure 2a), the network of tilt sensors for detecting structure movement caused by scour in Lamington Viaduct [14] (Figure 2b), and the vibration-based scour detection system deployed for five months at the Baildon bridge in Bradford, UK [39]. In summary, few technologies are able to make a scour detection with a resolution better than 10 cm while at the same time are able to separate the redeposited soil and saturated soil.…”

Section: Measurement During Extreme Event Scour Depth Resolution Detementioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic Sensors for Underwater Scour Monitoring

Maroni

Tubaldi

Ferguson

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Scour jeopardises the safety of many civil engineering structures with foundations in riverbeds and it is the leading cause for the collapse of bridges worldwide. Current approaches for bridge scour risk management rely mainly on visual inspections, which provide unreliable estimates of scour and of its effects, also considering the difficulties in visually monitoring the riverbed erosion around submerged foundations. Thus, there is a need to introduce systems capable of continuously monitoring the evolution of scour at bridge foundations, even during extreme flood events. This paper illustrates the development and deployment of a scour monitoring system consisting of smart probes equipped with electromagnetic sensors. This is the first application of this type of sensing probes to a real case-study for continuous scour monitoring. Designed to observe changes in the permittivity of the medium around bridge foundations, the sensors allow for detection of scour depths and the assessment of whether the scour hole has been refilled. The monitoring system was installed on the A76 200 Bridge in New Cumnock (S-W Scotland) and has provided a continuous recording of the scour for nearly two years. The scour data registered after a peak flood event (validated against actual measurements of scour during a bridge inspection) show the potential of the technology in providing continuous scour measures, even during extreme flood events, thus avoiding the deployment of divers for underwater examination.

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Section: Measurement During Extreme Event Scour Depth Resolution Detementioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic Sensors for Underwater Scour Monitoring

Maroni

Tubaldi

Ferguson

et al. 2020

Sensors

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show abstract

“…A number of studies propose using changes in the dynamic properties of the structure to identify the presence of scour, where a decrease in the natural frequencies can be used to identify the presence of scour [15,16]. Although bridge monitoring techniques using natural frequencies of the structures have been proven to be useful for confirming the presence of scour, there is a limited number of studies in the literature on their use in actual field studies [17,18]. Both of these studies have required testing of bridges which are known to already be undermined by scour and were used to test initially scoured and then unscoured conditions, i.e.…”

Section: Scour Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking bridge tilt behaviour using sensor fusion techniques

Faulkner

Wang

Huseynov

2020

J Civil Struct Health Monit

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The resilience of the built environment to extreme weather events is fundamental for the day-today operation of our transport network, with scour representing one of the biggest threats to bridges built over flowing water. Condition monitoring of the bridge using a structural health monitoring system enhances resilience by reducing the time needed to return the bridge to normal use by providing timely information on structural condition and safety. The work presented in this report discusses use of rotational measurements in structural health monitoring. Traditionally tiltmeters (which can be a form of DC accelerometer) are used to measure rotation but are known to be affected by dynamic movements, while gyroscopes react quickly to dynamic motion but drift over time. This review will introduce gyroscopes as a complementary sensor for accelerometer rotational measurements and use sensor fusion techniques to combine the measurements from both sensors to get an optimised rotational result. This method was trialled on a laboratory scaled model, before the system was installed on an in-service single-span skewed railway bridge. The rotational measurements were compared against rotation measurements obtained using a vision-based measurement system to confirm the validity of the results. An introduction to gyroscopes, field test measurement results with the sensors and their correlation with the vision-based measurement results are presented in this article.

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“…A finite element (FE) model was developed with the CSiBridge commercial structural analysis software to estimate the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the bridge. The FE model development and model updating carried out, based on the observed initial operational modal analysis results, are explained in detail in [8]. The first two modes of vibration were expected to change by 3-5% due to the backfilling planned for the repair process.…”

Section: Finite Element Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The initial modal identification of Baldon Bridge, and the associated FE model updating carried out, are explained in detail in a previous paper by the authors [8]. This paper illustrates the use of the Frequency Domain Decomposition (FDD) and Power Spectral Density (PSD) of the accelerometer outputs to study the changes in the natural frequencies, mode shapes and spectral density of the bridge as a result of the scour repair program.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Assessment of Ambient Vibration-Based Bridge Scour Detection

Kariyawasam¹,

Fidler²,

Talbot³

et al. 2019

Structural Health Monitoring 2019

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Scour is the main cause of bridge failure in the United States and around the world. It involves the loss of soil from around bridge foundations due to fast flowing water. Monitoring bridge scour is challenging as it occurs underwater. A scour monitoring technique that uses accelerometers on the bridge piers and deck to provide real-time measurements of ambient vibration, from which scour-induced changes in the natural frequencies of the bridge may be monitored, has recently emerged. However, field validation of this method is difficult as scour is hard to predict -a monitoring system would need to be installed on a candidate bridge with no guarantee that natural scouring would occur within the trial monitoring period. Previous research on vibration-based scour monitoring has therefore been limited to laboratory-based experiments and numerical simulations. This paper presents a field study in which a bridge with preexisting scour was monitored throughout a repair program, which involved the controlled raising of the riverbed level (i.e. scour in reverse). Ambient vibration due to vehicle traffic over the bridge was monitored before, during and after the repair, using eight high-sensitivity accelerometers and a remote data acquisition system. The riverbed profile was measured with sonar scanning before and after the repair. Numerical modeling predicted a 3-5% change in the first two natural frequencies of the bridge due to the scour repair. However, the actual frequencies measured on site, derived using operational modal analysis (in this case, Frequency Domain Decomposition), showed a high degree of variation. Alternative structural response parameters (mean power spectral density at the modal peaks and the modal amplitude) were found to capture the change in behavior resulting from scour. The opportunities for using these alternative parameters as a measure of scour, and the challenges involved in using operational modal analysis for scour monitoring on a real bridge, are discussed in detail.

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Field Deployment of an Ambient Vibration-Based Scour Monitoring System at Baildon Bridge, UK

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Electromagnetic Sensors for Underwater Scour Monitoring

Electromagnetic Sensors for Underwater Scour Monitoring

Tracking bridge tilt behaviour using sensor fusion techniques

Field Assessment of Ambient Vibration-Based Bridge Scour Detection

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