Field efficacy of a mixture of atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus Link:Fr vegetative compatibility groups in preventing aflatoxin contamination in maize (Zea mays L.)

Atehnkeng, Joseph; Ojiambo, Peter S.; Cotty, Peter J.; Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit

doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2014.02.009

Cited by 132 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Once established in the treated fields, atoxigenic VCGs create their own founder populations and shift the community composition within the treated area, and to some extent in neighbouring areas, from one dominated by aflatoxin producers to one in which atoxigenic VCGs dominate (Cotty and Mellon, 2006). Neither the overall amount of A. flavus in the environment nor the frequency of crop infection increases as a result of applications of atoxigenic VCGs in biocontrol formulations (Atehnkeng et al, 2014;Bock et al, 2004;Cotty et al, 2008;Dorner, 2004Dorner, , 2009Doster et al, 2014). Several benefits result after application of atoxigenic VCGs, because these beneficial fungi carry over between crops and provide protection for multiple years and crops.…”

Section: Aflatoxin Management Through Beneficial Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological control of aflatoxins in Africa: current status and potential challenges in the face of climate change

Bandyopadhyay

Ortega‐Beltran

Akande

et al. 2016

WMJ

Self Cite

254

311

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Aflatoxin contamination of crops is frequent in warm regions across the globe, including large areas in sub-Saharan Africa. Crop contamination with these dangerous toxins transcends health, food security, and trade sectors. It cuts across the value chain, affecting farmers, traders, markets, and finally consumers. Diverse fungi within Aspergillus section Flavi contaminate crops with aflatoxins. Within these Aspergillus communities, several genotypes are not capable of producing aflatoxins (atoxigenic). Carefully selected atoxigenic genotypes in biological control (biocontrol) formulations efficiently reduce aflatoxin contamination of crops when applied prior to flowering in the field. This safe and environmentally friendly, effective technology was pioneered in the US, where well over a million acres of susceptible crops are treated annually. The technology has been improved for use in sub-Saharan Africa, where efforts are under way to develop biocontrol products, under the trade name Aflasafe, for 11 African nations. The number of participating nations is expected to increase. In parallel, state of the art technology has been developed for large-scale inexpensive manufacture of Aflasafe products under the conditions present in many African nations. Results to date indicate that all Aflasafe products, registered and under experimental use, reduce aflatoxin concentrations in treated crops by >80% in comparison to untreated crops in both field and storage conditions. Benefits of aflatoxin biocontrol technologies are discussed along with potential challenges, including climate change, likely to be faced during the scaling-up of Aflasafe products. Lastly, we respond to several apprehensions expressed in the literature about the use of atoxigenic genotypes in biocontrol formulations. These responses relate to the following apprehensions: sorghum as carrier, distribution costs, aflatoxin-conscious markets, efficacy during drought, post-harvest benefits, risk of allergies and/or aspergillosis, influence of Aflasafe on other mycotoxins and on soil microenvironment, dynamics of Aspergillus genotypes, and recombination between atoxigenic and toxigenic genotypes in natural conditions.

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Section: Aflatoxin Management Through Beneficial Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological control of aflatoxins in Africa: current status and potential challenges in the face of climate change

Bandyopadhyay

Ortega‐Beltran

Akande

et al. 2016

WMJ

Self Cite

254

311

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“…Thus, it is necessary to develop methods that will prevent aflatoxin production in susceptible crops. Several approaches ranging from good agricultural practices through biocontrol to decontamination and use of binders are being exploited to manage exposure levels [1,3,4]. However, breeding of maize varieties for A. flavus resistance is considered an effective and environmentally safe method for controlling contamination, and successful maize cultivars need to be adapted to a range of environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Genotype-By-Environment Interactions in Aspergillus Ear Rot and Pre-Harvest Aflatoxin Accumulation in Maize Inbred Lines

et al. 2017

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Aspergillus flavus, causal agent of the Aspergillus ear rot (AER) of maize, also produces aflatoxins that cause aflatoxicosis in humans and livestock. Ten maize inbred lines were evaluated in replicated trials in two aflatoxicosis outbreak hot spots in Kenya and in three maize-growing areas in South Africa for resistance to AER, A. flavus colonization, and pre-harvest aflatoxin accumulation during the 2012/2013 growing season. AER severity was measured by visual assessment, while A. flavus colonization and aflatoxin content were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. Genotype by environment interaction (GEI) was determined using analysis of variance (ANOVA), additive main effects and multiplicative models (AMMI), and genotype plus by environment (GGE) biplot analyses. Stability of genotypes was evaluated using AMMI analysis. AER severity and fungal colonization significantly (p < 0.001) varied between genotypes. GEI influenced the severity of AER symptoms and aflatoxin accumulation significantly (p < 0.001), while fungal colonization was not affected. The inbred lines response was consistent for this trait in the test environments and was thus considered a desirable measure to indicate maize lines with a high risk of aflatoxin accumulation. CML495, CKL05019, LaPosta, and MIRTC5 were the least diseased lines, with the lowest aflatoxin contamination and a stable phenotypic response across the environments. Kiboko was determined as the ideal representative test environment, with discriminative ability of the genotypes for selection of the desired stable responses of the three traits.

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“…Moreover, competitive biological control using non-aflatoxin-producing strains of A. flavus is known to reduce toxin levels by 80-90 percent at harvest, with reported effects of further preventing postharvest toxin accumulation (Atehnkeng et al 2014 A. flavus or subsequent accumulation of aflatoxins has been the subject of rigorous research for decades. Such resistance is a complex quantitative trait governed by multiple genes and is highly associated with stress tolerance such as drought stress adaptation, which is also a complex trait (Fountain et al 2015); no commercial lines with resistance to address aflatoxin contamination have been marketed (Brown et al 2013).…”

Section: Aflatoxin Risk Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving a nutrition revolution for Africa: The road to healthier diets and optimal nutrition

Ayalew¹,

Hoffmann²,

Lindahl³

et al. 2016

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Focusing the 2015 Annual Trends and Outlook Report (ATOR) on nutrition will contribute to a broader understanding of the critical role of nutrition in achieving international, continental, and national economic growth targets through agriculture, food security, and nutrition. This report presents information and analysis in support of evidence-based policy making that should inform the second generation of CAADP national investment plans now being developed. This is an important moment for shaping the region’s future and ensuring that the much-needed agriculture-led growth and development agenda can simultaneously deliver on improving nutrition, saving lives, improving productivity and health, and curbing nutrition-related diseases and the associated public health expenditures. These investment plans should address not only the usual elements of undernutrition but also widespread micronutrient deficiencies (termed “hidden hunger”) and the growing problem of overweight and obesity that is associated with economic growth.1 introduction 2 The African union policy environment toward enabling action for nutrition in Africa 3 Africa’s progress toward meeting current nutrition targets 4 Economic development and nutrition transition in Ghana: taking stock of food consumption patterns and trends 5 Making African agriculture and food systems work for nutrition: what has been done, and what needs to be done? 6 Lessons learned from the evaluation of Helen Keller International’s enhanced homestead food production program 7 The role of biofortification as part of more diverse diets in Africa: progress, challenges, and opportunities 8 The role of mycotoxin contamination in nutrition: the aflatoxin story 9 The challenges, opportunities, and lessons learned in evidence-informed decision making in Africa 10 Evaluating nutrition-sensitive programs: challenges, methods, and opportunities 11 Supporting multisectoral action: capacity and nutrition leadership challenges facing Africa 12 Tracking key CAADP indicators and implementation processes 13 Summary and policy recommendations: toward a nutrition revolution for AfricaReportPRIFPRI1; ReSAKSS; HarvestPlus; B Promoting healthy food systemsDSGD; WCAO; ESAO; HarvestPlus; PHND; A4NH; MTIDCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH

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Field efficacy of a mixture of atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus Link:Fr vegetative compatibility groups in preventing aflatoxin contamination in maize (Zea mays L.)

Cited by 132 publications

References 37 publications

Biological control of aflatoxins in Africa: current status and potential challenges in the face of climate change

Biological control of aflatoxins in Africa: current status and potential challenges in the face of climate change

Assessing Genotype-By-Environment Interactions in Aspergillus Ear Rot and Pre-Harvest Aflatoxin Accumulation in Maize Inbred Lines

Achieving a nutrition revolution for Africa: The road to healthier diets and optimal nutrition

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