Field emission from carbon nanotubes: the first five years

Characterizing Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Synthesis for Field Emission Applications

“…The resulting focus of the electric field at the tips of the CNTs is often referred to as the electric field enhancement factor. Previous research as summarized by Bonard et al has shown multiwalled CNTs to be more robust emitters than single walled CNTs (Bonard et al, 2001). Thus, only multi-walled CNTs are grown in this field emission effort.…”

Carbon Nanotube Field Emitters

“…The Jean-Marc Bonard team of Lousanne Polytechnical School (Switzerland) developed the technology of microcontact printing of catalytic precursor for growing oriented tubes arranged in accordance with a specified pattern on a substrate (Bonard et al, 2001b). The catalyst, the so-called "ink", was applied to the stamp surface.…”

“…For concentrations above 60 mM, growth of nanotubes is retarded, and the printed template is covered by amorphous carbon particles. (Bonard et al, 2001b).…”

Field emission and lifetime of microcavity plasma

“…In addition to this electron emission mechanism, electrons can also be emitted under the presence of a strong electric field, i.e., field emissions can take place when the electric field on the cathode region becomes sufficiently large. 27 The electric field threshold for the onset of field emission from metal surfaces is typically on the order of ϳ10 9 V / m. For surfaces coated with carbon nanotubes ͑CNT͒ films, however, the threshold reduces to ϳ10 6 V / m, 28 which can be easily reached in microdischarges with hollow cathode structure. In this work, we incorporate the field emission process in the simulation by modeling the field emission current with the Fowler-Nordheim equation, [29][30][31] i.e., the current is assumed to depend exponentially on the value of the electric field.…”