Field-Oriented Methodology for Real-Time Pressure Control to Reduce Leakage in Water Distribution Networks

Campisano, Alberto; Modica, Carlo; Reitano, Simona; Ugarelli, Rita Maria; Bagherian, S.

doi:10.1061/(asce)wr.1943-5452.0000697

Cited by 44 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Another observed effect of transitioning from a fully centralised water supply towards a hybrid water supply approach is the increase in network pressures due to less flow and hence less friction losses [38]. Revision or development of smarter pressure management strategies for the potable water supply system may be recommended in such a case (e.g., lower pumping heights, pressure reductions).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Hybrid Water Supply on the Centralised Water System

Sitzenfrei

Zischg

Sitzmann

et al. 2017

Water

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Traditional (technical) concepts to ensure a reliable water supply, a safe handling of wastewater and flood protection are increasingly criticised as outdated and unsustainable. These so-called centralised urban water systems are further maladapted to upcoming challenges because of their long lifespan in combination with their short-sighted planning and design. A combination of (existing) centralised and decentralised infrastructure is expected to be more reliable and sustainable. However, the impact of increasing implementation of decentralised technologies on the local technical performance in sewer or water supply networks and the interaction with the urban form has rarely been addressed in the literature. In this work, an approach which couples the UrbanBEATS model for the planning of decentralised strategies together with a water supply modelling approach is developed and applied to a demonstration case. With this novel approach, critical but also favourable areas for such implementations can be identified. For example, low density areas, which have high potential for rainwater harvesting, can result in local water quality problems in the supply network when further reducing usually low pipe velocities in these areas. On the contrary, in high demand areas (e.g., high density urban forms) there is less effect of rainwater harvesting due to the limited available space. In these high density areas, water efficiency measures result in the highest savings in water volume, but do not cause significant problems in the technical performance of the potable water supply network. For a more generalised and case-independent conclusion, further analyses are performed for semi-virtual benchmark networks to answer the question of an appropriate representation of the water distribution system in a computational model for such an analysis. Inappropriate hydraulic model assumptions and characteristics were identified for the stated problem, which have more impact on the assessments than the decentralised measures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Hybrid Water Supply on the Centralised Water System

Sitzenfrei

Zischg

Sitzmann

et al. 2017

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Potentially, two additional terms could be inserted in the right side of the expressions (12) and (13): the former associated with the predicted pressure-head variation upstream from the device (i.e., at the source) from time t 1 to time t 2 ; the latter associated with the predicted head loss variation in the WDN from time t 1 to time t 2 . However, these terms are neglected in the present work because they are usually smaller than the contribution related to the variation in head loss (Equation (12)) or in head gain (Equation (13)) across the device.…”

Section: Algorithm Refinement Through State Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By making use of suitable algorithms operating on the pressure head measurements, a programmable logic controller sets the new suitable device setting to maintain the minimum desired pressure at the remote node(s). In the scientific literature of WDNs, the first study on service pressure RTC was carried out by Campisano et al [9], followed by many others [10][11][12][13][14][15]. Whereas the proportional algorithms of Campisano et al [9,10,12] only used the pressure head measurement at the critical node, Creaco and Franchini [11] set up a more effective algorithm that also makes use of the water discharge measurement in the pipe fitted with the control device.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the scientific literature of WDNs, the first study on service pressure RTC was carried out by Campisano et al [9], followed by many others [10][11][12][13][14][15]. Whereas the proportional algorithms of Campisano et al [9,10,12] only used the pressure head measurement at the critical node, Creaco and Franchini [11] set up a more effective algorithm that also makes use of the water discharge measurement in the pipe fitted with the control device. Like the algorithm used by Campisano et al [9,10,12], the algorithm of Creaco and Franchini [11] has a parameter that needs to be tuned to ensure the maximum regulation performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas the proportional algorithms of Campisano et al [9,10,12] only used the pressure head measurement at the critical node, Creaco and Franchini [11] set up a more effective algorithm that also makes use of the water discharge measurement in the pipe fitted with the control device. Like the algorithm used by Campisano et al [9,10,12], the algorithm of Creaco and Franchini [11] has a parameter that needs to be tuned to ensure the maximum regulation performance. Later, a parameter-less algorithm with only slightly worse performance than the algorithm of Creaco and Franchini [11] was proposed for the RTC of control valves [13] and variable speed pumps [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Exploring Numerically the Benefits of Water Discharge Prediction for the Remote RTC of WDNs

Creaco

2017

Water

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This paper explores numerically the benefits of water discharge prediction in the real time control (RTC) of water distribution networks (WDNs). An algorithm aimed at controlling the settings of control valves and variable speed pumps, as a function of pressure head signals from remote nodes in the network, is used. Two variants of the algorithm are considered, based on the measured water discharge in the device at the current time and on the prediction of this variable at the new time, respectively. As a result of the prediction, carried out using a polynomial with coefficients determined through linear regression, the RTC algorithm attempts to correct the expected deviation of the controlled pressure head from the set point, rather than the currently measured deviation. The applications concerned the numerical simulation of RTC in a WDN, in which the nodal demands are reconstructed stochastically through the bottom-up approach. The results prove that RTC benefits from the implementation of the prediction, in terms of the closeness of the controlled variable to the set point and of total variations of the device setting. The benefits are more evident when the water discharge features contained random fluctuations and large hourly variations.

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