Field pea (Pisum sativum) inclusion in corn-based lamb finishing diets

Abstract

Two hundred crossbred lambs were used to determine energy value and optimum inclusion level of field pea (Pisum sativum) in corn-based diets. In experiment one (Exp. 1), 100 crossbred lambs (33.9 ± 1.3 kg initial BW) were blocked by weight and sex (two blocks of ewe lambs per treatment; three blocks of ram lambs per treatment) and fed for 89 days. In experiment two (Exp. 2), 100 crossbred ram lambs (39.1 ± 0.2 kg initial BW) were blocked by weight (five pens per treatment) and fed for 63 days. Treatments for each experiment were similar; field pea replaced corn at 0, 150, 300, or 450 g/kg of the diet (DM basis). Diets contained 750 g/kg corn and/or field pea, 100 g/kg alfalfa hay, 50 g/kg concentrated separator byproduct (CSB), 60 g/kg soybean meal (SBM), and 40 g/kg supplement. In Exp. 2, a fifth treatment was added to evaluate if field pea can replace corn and SBM in high-grain diets (450 − SBM); this diet consisted of 450 g/kg field pea, 350 g/kg corn, 100 g/kg alfalfa, 50 g/kg CSB, and 50 g/kg supplement. Diets contained 28 mg/kg lasalocid and a minimum 149.6 g/kg CP, 7.6 g/kg Ca, 4.4 g/kg P, and 12.2 g/kg K. Only carcass data from ram lambs were recorded. Data for each experiment were analyzed separately with GLM procedure of SAS and linear, quadratic, and cubic effects of field pea were determined. In Exp. 1, a cubic (P = 0.02) response for DMI occurred, greater intake of 150 g/kg than 300 g/kg diet. No other performance measurements were affected by treatment. In Exp. 2, lambs fed 450 − SBM tended to be more efficient (P = 0.10) than lambs fed 450 + SBM. Carcass characteristics were not affected by treatment (P > 0.10). Based on lamb performance (Exp. 1) there was a tendency for a linear (P = 0.10) increase in dietary net energy. In Exp. 2, no difference in dietary net energy occurred with increasing level of field pea. Dietary net energy was greater for 450 − SBM compared with 450 + SBM. Average calculated NE m and NE g for field pea were 2.75 and 2.02 Mcal/kg, which was 14% greater than corn. Field pea is a suitable replacement for corn in lamb finishing diets and is at least equal in energy density to corn.

Milk quality, manufacturing properties and blood biochemical profile from dairy cows fed peas (<i>Pisum sativum</i> L.) as dietary protein supplement

“…Peas (Pisum sativum L.) are grown primarily for human consumption; however, surplus grain or grain that does not meet human food grade specifications is available to be used as a livestock feed (Loe et al 2004). Field pea is a legume high in crude protein (CP; 217 g/kg), highly rumen degradable (780 g/kg of CP; NRC 2001), the starch content is 540 g/kg (McLean et al 1974) and the net energy for lactation (NE L ) is 1.81 MCal/kg (NRC 2001).…”

Effects of increasing field pea (Pisum sativum) level in high-concentrate diets on growth performance and carcass traits in finishing steers and heifers

“…Field pea has been successfully included in lamb finishing diets up to 45% of diet DM (Loe et al, 2004). Anderson (1999) replaced barley with field pea at 76% of dietary DM and noted increases in marbling and percentage of steers grading USDA Choice.…”

“…Anderson (1999) replaced barley with field pea at 76% of dietary DM and noted increases in marbling and percentage of steers grading USDA Choice. When included in lamb finishing diets, field pea was similar in energy to corn (Loe et al, 2004); however, the CP content of field pea is approximately 25% (NRC, 1984;Anderson et al, 2007), enabling field pea to be used as a protein or energy source in a variety of diets.…”

Las leguminosas en alimentación animal

“…Gelvin, Lardy, Soto-Navarro, Landblom y Caton (2004) observaron que la planta de guisante no afectaba ni a la fermentación ruminal ni a la digestibilidad de nutrientes en terneros. También se ha empleado la planta de guisante en dietas de corderos (Loe, Bauer, Lardy, Caton y Berg, 2004) para sustituir a la soja (Glycine max) sin que se afectase la producción del animal.…”

“…Gelvin et al (2004) observaron que la planta de guisante, utilizada como forraje, no afectaba ni a la fermentación ruminal ni a la digestibilidad de nutrientes en terneros. También se ha empleado la planta de guisante en dietas de corderos (Loe, Bauer, Lardy, Caton y Berg, 2004) para sustituir al maíz hasta 450 g / kg DM sin que se afectase la producción del animal. Además, la velocidad de degradación de semillas como veza (Vicia sativa), yero (Vicia ervilia), guisante, altramuz y haba es alta habiéndose observado que tras 24 horas de incubación en el rumen de corderos desaparecía más del 88% de la semilla salvo en el caso de la veza, cuya degradabilidad para ese tiempo de incubación fue menor (Aguilera, Bustos y Molina, 1992).…”