Field studies on the effect of built forms on urban wind environments

Gao, Yafeng; Yao, Runming; Li, Baizhan; Turkbeyler, Erdal; Luo, Qing; Short, C. Alan

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2012.03.005

Cited by 56 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, they did not study building density, which influences wind environment. Gao et al [10] used statistical analysis methods to study the influence of urban architecture on wind field morphology. They concluded that meteorological data and building layout factors are the key factors that affect wind environment.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Simulation Analysis of Building Density on Residential Wind Environment

Hu¹,

Cheng²,

Qian³

2018

JESTR

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With the rapid urbanization and expansion of construction demands in China, the continuously increasing density of residential buildings has led to outdoor pedestrian discomfort in residential wind environment. To analyze the relationship between residential building density and wind environment, simulation cases of residential buildings with different building densities were presented in this study. First, the wind environment characteristics of residential districts with different building densities were established via computer numerical simulation. Second, wind speed ratio (WSR) and age of air (AA) distribution were calculated at pedestrian height. Finally, the quantitative relationship between residential outdoor wind environment and building density was proposed. Results demonstrate a negative linear correlation between the building density and outdoor mean wind speed ratio (MWSR) of residential districts and a positive linear relationship between building density and mean age of air (MAA). When residential building density increased from 0.18 to 0.32, the MWSR in the district decreased by 0.18, whereas MAA increased by 58.63 s. As residential building density increases, the WSR within the residential district decreases and the age of air (AA) increases, which affect the outdoor comfort of residents. This study provides references for improving the wind environment of high-density residential districts and for optimizing residential layout planning.

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Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Simulation Analysis of Building Density on Residential Wind Environment

Hu¹,

Cheng²,

Qian³

2018

JESTR

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“…Without regard to surrounding open spaces and architectural layout, Du et al (2018) performed wind environments simulation of 3 different heights of an isolated building and a group of buildings respectively, discovering wind comfort at pedestrian level is positively correlated with height. In terms of building form, Gao et al (2012) conducted a year-long simultaneous field measurements at University of Reading campus in the UK, measured data showed that building form is the key factor effecting resulting airflow. Furthermore, Yuan et al (2012) compared different building forms of influences on ventilation at pedestrian level, stepped building was highlighted as conducive to wind environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving schoolyard wind environments: Case studies in two schools in Nanjing

Liu¹,

Xu²,

Gao³

et al. 2019

Geographica Pannonica

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Wind environment as an essential aspect of urban micro-climate is usually studied as an important factor affecting human wind comfort and thermal comfort in public open space. Less studied is how wind environments influence schoolyard serving for children and teenagers who are more sensitive to air temperature and air pollution. This paper presents a study using XFlow for wind speed evaluation based on CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation, and Ecotect Analysis for thermal comfort evaluation. Choosing Nanjing Mochou Lake Primary School and Nanjing NO.13 Middle School Suojin Campus as case studies, it offers an evaluation of wind environments in these two schoolyards and surrounding open spaces. Simulation shows that improvements should be made to build better wind environments around both schools. Scenarios are developed subsequently by adjusting buildings in study areas at the scale of blocks and school buildings, proving the efficiency of improvements for a more comfortable wind environments. This study focuses on schoolyard wind environments from the standpoint of children and teenagers, suggesting that research on urban micro-climate can be expanded in multiple directions so that as many social groups in different ages as possible benefits, i.e. have healthier urban life.

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“…Therefore, for correlation research, it is necessary to locate measurement points from the perspective of urban spatial characteristics. Meanwhile, in the research on the correlation between urban spaces and wind environments, wind environment analysis is usually conducted in designated spaces [27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Wind Tunnel Study on the Correlation between Urban Space Quantification and Pedestrian–Level Ventilation

Peng

et al. 2019

Atmosphere

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Correlation research on urban space and pedestrian–level wind (PLW) environments is helpful for improving the wind comfort in complex urban space. It could also be significant for building and urban design. Correlation research is usually carried out in a space with clear urban spatial characteristics, so it is necessary to define the space first. In this paper, a typical urban area in Nanjing, China, is selected as the research object, and a spatial partition method is used to divide the real complex urban space into subspaces. The urban spatial characteristics of such subspaces are quantified using three urban spatial indices: openness (O), area (A), and shape (S). By comparing the quantitative results, 24 (12 pairs) subspaces with prominent urban spatial indices are selected as the correlation research cases. The 24 subspaces also provide a reference for the layout of the measurement points in a wind tunnel experiment. This is a new arrangement for locating the measurement points of a wind tunnel for correlation research. In the experiment, 45 measurement points are located, and the mean wind velocity of four different wind directions at 45 measurement points is experimented. The results clearly show that, when the experimental conditions are the same, the changes of mean wind velocity ratio (UR) of 24 (12pairs) subspaces under the four experimental wind directions are close. The URs of the subspaces are not significantly affected by the wind direction, which is affected more by the subspaces’ spatial characteristics. When making the correlation analysis between mean wind speed ratio and spatial characteristics’ indices, a direct numerical comparison was not able to find a correlation. By comparing the difference values of mean wind speed (△UR) and indices between each pair of subspaces, the correlation between UR and openness of subspaces were found. Limited by spatial partition method, the correlation between UR and the other indices was not obvious.

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Field studies on the effect of built forms on urban wind environments

Cited by 56 publications

References 17 publications

CFD Simulation Analysis of Building Density on Residential Wind Environment

CFD Simulation Analysis of Building Density on Residential Wind Environment

Improving schoolyard wind environments: Case studies in two schools in Nanjing

A Wind Tunnel Study on the Correlation between Urban Space Quantification and Pedestrian–Level Ventilation

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